Equine placenta expresses glutamine synthetase

In most mammalian species the developing fetus utilizes large amounts of glutamine derived both from the maternal circulation and synthesized de novo in the placenta. The present study was designed to determine the role of the placenta in glutamine synthesis in the horse. The placentae from eight St...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary research communications 2009-02, Vol.33 (2), p.175-182
Main Authors: Manso Filho, Hélio C, Costa, Helena E, Wu, Guoyao, McKeever, Kenneth H, Watford, Malcolm
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amniotic Fluid - metabolism
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Biomedical and Life Sciences
biosynthesis
Birth Weight
Blotting, Western - veterinary
diestrus
enzyme activity
Female
fetus
glutamate-ammonia ligase
Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase - biosynthesis
glutamine
Glutamine - metabolism
glutamine synthesis
Horses - metabolism
Life Sciences
mares
Organ Size
Original Article
placenta
Placenta - enzymology
Pregnancy
protein synthesis
Standardbred
veterinary medicine
Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Zoology
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Summary:In most mammalian species the developing fetus utilizes large amounts of glutamine derived both from the maternal circulation and synthesized de novo in the placenta. The present study was designed to determine the role of the placenta in glutamine synthesis in the horse. The placentae from eight Standardbred mares were sampled immediately after parturition together with additional tissues obtained at necropsy from three Standbred mares during diestrous. Glutamine synthetase protein was detectable in the non-pregnant horn of the placenta in amounts similar to those seen in gluteus muscle, but the amount in the pregnant horn was two times greater than in the non-pregnant horn. Glutamine was the second most abundant amino acid in amniotic fluid at a concentration of 310 ± 26 μmole/L with that of glycine being 535 ± 48 μmole/L. The most abundant amino acids in placental tissue were glycine (3,732 ± 194 μmole/Kg), glutamate (3,500 ± 343 μmole/Kg) and glutamine (2,836 ± 208 μmole/Kg). The results illustrate the importance of glutamine to the equine fetus and establish that the placenta, particularly the pregnant horn, has considerable capacity for glutamine synthesis.
ISSN:0165-7380
1573-7446
DOI:10.1007/s11259-008-9167-2