Sex differences in anthropometric and cephalometric characteristics in the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Introduction Craniofacial anatomic abnormalities related to structural narrowing of the upper airway have been reported in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The purpose of this study was to test whether there are sex differences in the relative contributions of specific anthropo...

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Published in:American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics 2009-02, Vol.135 (2), p.155-164
Main Authors: Tsai, Hung-Huey, Ho, Ching-Yin, Lee, Pei-Lin, Tan, Ching-Ting
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age Factors
Anthropometry
Biological and medical sciences
Body Mass Index
Cephalometry
Dental Occlusion, Centric
Dentistry
Disease Progression
Female
Humans
Hyoid Bone - pathology
Male
Mandible - pathology
Medical sciences
Neck - pathology
Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology
Pneumology
Polysomnography
Respiration
Respiratory system : syndromes and miscellaneous diseases
Risk Factors
Sex Characteristics
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - classification
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - pathology
Snoring - pathology
Taiwan
Vertical Dimension
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Summary:Introduction Craniofacial anatomic abnormalities related to structural narrowing of the upper airway have been reported in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The purpose of this study was to test whether there are sex differences in the relative contributions of specific anthropometric and cephalometric measurements of OSAS severity. Methods The subjects were Taiwanese patients who visited the Ear, Nose, and Throat Department of National Taiwan University Hospital with complaints of snoring or sleep apnea. The anthropometric, cephalometric, and overnight polysomnographic records of 109 subjects were evaluated. Results There are obvious sex differences in the craniofacial skeletal characteristics that contribute to OSAS severity. Male patients with the following risk factors are likely to have more severe type OSAS: increased neck size, inferiorly positioned hyoid bone, and greater anterior lower facial height. The risk factors related to the severity of OSAS in female patients include smaller posterior facial height and anteriorly positioned hyoid bone. Conclusions To evaluate OSAS severity, different anthropometric and cephalometric measurements should be used for men and women. The craniofacial skeletal characteristics that contribute to OSAS severity were in the anterior lower portion of the profile in men and in the posterior portion of the profile in women.
ISSN:0889-5406
1097-6752
DOI:10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.10.001