Effect of alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and flushing response on esophageal cancer risk: A population-based cohort study (JPHC study)

Abstract We examined the effect of alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and flushing response on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in a large-scale population-based cohort study. 44,970 middle-aged and older Japanese men were followed. A total of 215 cases of ESCC were newly diagnosed. Alc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer letters 2009-03, Vol.275 (2), p.240-246
Main Authors: Ishiguro, Seiji, Sasazuki, Shizuka, Inoue, Manami, Kurahashi, Norie, Iwasaki, Motoki, Tsugane, Shoichiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol consumption
Alcohol Drinking
Alcohol use
Cigarette smoking
Cohort Studies
Confidence intervals
Consumption
Esophageal cancer
Esophageal Neoplasms - epidemiology
Esophageal squamous cell cancer
Ethanol
Flushing
Health facilities
Health risk assessment
Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine
Histology
Humans
Light
Men
Mens health
Nicotiana
Population
Population Surveillance
Population-based cohort study
Public health
Questionnaires
Risk Factors
Smoking
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Summary:Abstract We examined the effect of alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and flushing response on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in a large-scale population-based cohort study. 44,970 middle-aged and older Japanese men were followed. A total of 215 cases of ESCC were newly diagnosed. Alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking are strongly associated with the incidence of ESCC. Heavy alcohol consumption increased the risk of ESCC especially among heavy smokers with the flushing response (HR = 3.41, 95% CI = 2.10–5.51). Strong effect modification was detected in heavy smokers. Our results suggest that heavy alcohol consumption together with heavy smoking may increase the risk of ESCC particularly in individuals with the flushing response.
ISSN:0304-3835
1872-7980
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2008.10.020