Mesenchymal Stem Cell Allograft in Revision Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Clinical and Radiographic Analysis

A review was conducted of 23 patients who underwent implantation of mesenchymal stem cell allograft for revision foot or ankle surgery. Composed of viable mesenchymal stem cells derived from cadaveric donor tissue, the graft had osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive properties, and was cap...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of foot and ankle surgery 2009-03, Vol.48 (2), p.163-169
Main Authors: Rush, Shannon M., DPM, FACFAS, Hamilton, Graham A., DPM, FACFAS, Ackerson, Lynn M., PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
ankle
Ankle - surgery
Biological and medical sciences
bone graft
Diseases of the osteoarticular system
Female
foot
Foot - surgery
Humans
Injuries of the limb. Injuries of the spine
Male
Medical sciences
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
Middle Aged
nonunion
Orthopedic surgery
Orthopedics
osteoprogenitor
Reconstructive Surgical Procedures
Reoperation
substitute
Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases
tibia
Transplantation, Homologous
Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents
Young Adult
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Summary:A review was conducted of 23 patients who underwent implantation of mesenchymal stem cell allograft for revision foot or ankle surgery. Composed of viable mesenchymal stem cells derived from cadaveric donor tissue, the graft had osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive properties, and was capable of direct new bone formation at the site of implantation. In all of the cases, radiographic new bone formation was observed at the area of implantation and a 91.3% union rate was observed, and no evidence of graft rejection or complications associated with implantation were recorded. Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to determine whether gender, diabetes, chronic renal insufficiency, neuropathy, number of previous surgeries, and smoking were associated with time to healing. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated in an effort to identify the influence of continuous numeric variables on the time to bone healing. Based on the outcomes observed in this retrospective study, it appears that mesenchymal stem cell allograft is a beneficial biological adjunct to bone healing, and serves as a suitable bone autograft substitute in revision foot and ankle surgery. Level of Clinical Evidence: 4
ISSN:1067-2516
1542-2224
DOI:10.1053/j.jfas.2008.12.008