The rising incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes and reduced contribution of high-risk HLA haplotypes

The incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes has risen over the past 50 years. We compared the frequency of HLA class II haplotypes in 194 patients diagnosed more than 50 years ago and 582 age-matched and sex-matched individuals diagnosed between 1985 and 2002. The proportion of high-risk susceptibili...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Lancet (British edition) 2004-11, Vol.364 (9446), p.1699-1700
Main Authors: Gillespie, Kathleen M, Bain, Steven C, Barnett, Anthony H, Bingley, Polly J, Christie, Michael R, Gill, Geoffrey V, Gale, Edwin AM
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Age of Onset
Child
Child, Preschool
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - genetics
Environmental changes
Environmental effects
Environmental factors
Genetic Predisposition to Disease - genetics
Genetics
Genotype
Genotype & phenotype
Genotypes
Haplotypes
Histocompatibility Antigens Class II - analysis
HLA-DQ alpha-Chains
HLA-DQ Antigens - analysis
HLA-DQ beta-Chains
HLA-DR Antigens - analysis
HLA-DRB1 Chains
Humans
Incidence
Pathology
Risk
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Summary:The incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes has risen over the past 50 years. We compared the frequency of HLA class II haplotypes in 194 patients diagnosed more than 50 years ago and 582 age-matched and sex-matched individuals diagnosed between 1985 and 2002. The proportion of high-risk susceptibility genotypes was increased in the earlier cohort (p=0·003), especially in those diagnosed at age 5 years or younger, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the rise of type 1 diabetes is due to a major environmental effect.
ISSN:0140-6736
1474-547X
DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17357-1