Effects of maternal cigarette smoking on placental volume and vascularization measured by 3-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks of gestation

Objective We sought to establish the effect of maternal smoking on placental volume and vascularization in early gestation. Study Design Three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography of the placenta was performed at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks in 80 pregnancies categorized according to cigarette consumptio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2009-04, Vol.200 (4), p.415.e1-415.e5
Main Authors: Rizzo, Giuseppe, MD, Capponi, Alessandra, MD, Pietrolucci, Maria Elena, MD, Arduini, Domenico, MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-dimensional ultrasound
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiovascular system
Female
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)
maternal smoking
Medical sciences
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Organ Size
Placenta - blood supply
Placenta - diagnostic imaging
Placenta - pathology
placenta vascularization
placental volume
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Trimester, First
Pregnancy Trimester, Second
Smoking - adverse effects
Tobacco, tobacco smoking
Toxicology
Ultrasonic investigative techniques
Ultrasonography, Doppler
Ultrasonography, Prenatal
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Summary:Objective We sought to establish the effect of maternal smoking on placental volume and vascularization in early gestation. Study Design Three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography of the placenta was performed at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks in 80 pregnancies categorized according to cigarette consumption: group A never smoked, B smoking < 10 cigarettes/day, C smoking 10-20 cigarettes/day, and D smoking > 20 cigarettes/day. Using a standardized setting, placental volume and vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI) were calculated. Results No differences were found in placental volume among groups. In groups C and D lower values were found for VI (group C: t = 4.52, P = .0002; group D: t = 3.72, P = .0014), FI (group C: t = 5.06, P = .0001; group D: t = 4.59, P = .0002), and VFI (group C: t = 3.49, P = .0024; group D: t = 2.88, P = .0095). Placental vascular indices were significantly related to birthweight (VI r = 0.563, FI r = 0.580, VFI r = 0.601; P < .001). Conclusion Maternal smoking is associated with altered 3-dimensional placental Doppler indices and these changes are related to birth weight.
ISSN:0002-9378
1097-6868
DOI:10.1016/j.ajog.2008.10.041