Effect of Long-Term Endurance and Strength Training on Metabolic Control and Arterial Elasticity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

• Published in: The American journal of cardiology 2009-04, Vol.103 (7), p.972-977
• Main Authors: Loimaala, Antti, MD, PhD, Groundstroem, Kaj, MD, PhD, Rinne, Marjo, MSc, Nenonen, Arja, MSc, Huhtala, Heini, MSc, Parkkari, Jari, MD, PhD, Vuori, Ilkka, MD, PhD
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Arteries - physiopathology; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Flow Velocity - physiology; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Cardiology; Cardiology. Vascular system; Cardiovascular; Coronary vessels; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - therapy; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Elasticity; Electrocardiography; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; Exercise; Follow-Up Studies; Glucose; Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism; Heart Rate - physiology; Humans; Insulin - blood; Male; Medical sciences; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Patients; Physical Endurance - physiology; Radioimmunoassay; Resistance Training - methods; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Vascular Resistance - physiology
• ISSN: 0002-9149; 1879-1913
• DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.12.026

Poor glucose control increases the risk of vascular complications and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of a long-term exercise training program on metabolic control and arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 DM. Fifty men with DM (age 52.3 ± 5.6 years) were randomly assigned to the exercise training (E) or standard treatment for DM (control [C]) group for 24 months. Supervised exercise training included both endurance and muscle strength training 4 times/week. All exercise sessions were controlled by heart rate and intensity. Glycated hemoglobin A1c, insulin, leptin, blood lipids, blood pressure, maximal oxygen consumption in spiroergometry, and muscle strength were measured every 6 months. Arterial stiffness was assessed by measuring pulse wave velocity. Maximal oxygen consumption in spiroergometry (E 31.9 to 34.8 vs C 32.6 to 31.8 ml/kg/min; p = 0.003), muscle strength (sit-up test, E 12.7 to 20.8 vs C 14.6 to 13.1 times; p