Vegetarian and vegan diets in type 2 diabetes management

Vegetarian and vegan diets offer significant benefits for diabetes management. In observational studies, individuals following vegetarian diets are about half as likely to develop diabetes, compared with non-vegetarians. In clinical trials in individuals with type 2 diabetes, low-fat vegan diets imp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrition reviews 2009-05, Vol.67 (5), p.255-263
Main Authors: Barnard, Neal D, Katcher, Heather I, Jenkins, David J.A, Cohen, Joshua, Turner-McGrievy, Gabrielle
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - prevention & control
Diet
Diet, Diabetic
Diet, Vegetarian
dietary fat
disease control
Disease management
fat intake
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
glycemic control
Glycemic Index
human nutrition
Humans
Lipids
Lipids - blood
literature reviews
low fat diet
noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Nutrition
plant-based
plant-based foods
Studies
Treatment Outcome
vegan
vegan diet
vegetarian
vegetarian diet
Vegetarianism
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Weight Loss - physiology
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Summary:Vegetarian and vegan diets offer significant benefits for diabetes management. In observational studies, individuals following vegetarian diets are about half as likely to develop diabetes, compared with non-vegetarians. In clinical trials in individuals with type 2 diabetes, low-fat vegan diets improve glycemic control to a greater extent than conventional diabetes diets. Although this effect is primarily attributable to greater weight loss, evidence also suggests that reduced intake of saturated fats and high-glycemic-index foods, increased intake of dietary fiber and vegetable protein, reduced intramyocellular lipid concentrations, and decreased iron stores mediate the influence of plant-based diets on glycemia. Vegetarian and vegan diets also improve plasma lipid concentrations and have been shown to reverse atherosclerosis progression. In clinical studies, the reported acceptability of vegetarian and vegan diets is comparable to other therapeutic regimens. The presently available literature indicates that vegetarian and vegan diets present potential advantages for the management of type 2 diabetes.
ISSN:0029-6643
1753-4887
DOI:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00198.x