Supplementation and delivery of n-3 fatty acids through spray-dried milk reduce serum and liver lipids in rats

• Published in: Lipids 2004-07, Vol.39 (7), p.627-632
• Main Authors: Ramaprasad, T.R, Baskaran, V, Sambaiah, K, Lokesh, B.R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: alpha-linolenic acid; Animals; blood lipids; Cardiovascular diseases; Cholesterol; Diet; dietary fat; Dietary Fats - administration & dosage; Dietary Supplements; docosahexaenoic acid; dried milk; eicosapentaenoic acid; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - administration & dosage; Fish oils; food additives; food fortification; Food, Formulated; Humans; India; linolenic acid; linseed oil; Lipids; Lipids - blood; Liver - chemistry; Male; Milk; Milk - chemistry; Oils - administration & dosage; omega-3 fatty acids; peanut oil; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Risk factors
• ISSN: 0024-4201; 1558-9307
• DOI: 10.1007/s11745-004-1275-6

Indian diets comprising staples such as cereals, millets, and pulses provide 4.8 energy % from linoleic acid (18∶2n−6) but fail to deliver adequate amounts of n−3 FA. Consumption of long‐chain n−3 PUFA such as EPA (20∶5n−3) and DHA (22∶6n−3) is restricted to those who consume fish. The majority of the Indian population, however, are vegetarians needing additional dietary sources of n−3 PUFA. The present work was designed to use n−3 FA‐enriched spray‐dired milk powder to provide n−3 FA. Whole milk was supplemented with linseed oil to provide α‐linolenic acid (LNA, 18∶3n−3), with fish oil to provide EPA and DHA, or with groundnut oil (GNO), which is devoid of n−3 PUFA, and then spray‐dired. Male Wistar rats were fed the spray‐dired milk formulations for 60 d. The rats given formulations containing n−3 FA showed significant increases (P