PUPPY LINE, METAPHYSEAL SCLEROSIS, AND CAUDOLATERAL CURVILINEAR AND CIRCUMFERENTIAL FEMORAL HEAD OSTEOPHYTES IN EARLY DETECTION OF CANINE HIP DYSPLASIA

• Published in: Veterinary radiology & ultrasound 2009-03, Vol.50 (2), p.157-166
• Main Authors: RISLER, AMANDA, KLAUER, JULIA M, KEULER, NICHOLAS S, ADAMS, WILLIAM M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Breeding; canine hip dysplasia; caudal curvilinear osteophyte; circumferential femoral head osteophyte; Dog Diseases - diagnosis; Dog Diseases - genetics; Dog Diseases - pathology; Dogs; Female; femoral metaphyseal sclerosis; Femur Head - diagnostic imaging; Femur Head - pathology; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Hip Dysplasia, Canine - diagnosis; Hip Dysplasia, Canine - genetics; Hip Dysplasia, Canine - pathology; Hip Joint - diagnostic imaging; Hip Joint - pathology; hip osteoarthritis; Joint Diseases - diagnosis; Joint Diseases - genetics; Joint Diseases - pathology; Joint Diseases - veterinary; Joint Instability - diagnosis; Joint Instability - genetics; Joint Instability - pathology; Joint Instability - veterinary; Male; Osteophyte - diagnosis; Osteophyte - genetics; Osteophyte - pathology; Osteophyte - veterinary; Prevalence; puppies; puppy line; Radiography; Risk Factors; Sclerosis - diagnosis; Sclerosis - genetics; Sclerosis - pathology; Sclerosis - veterinary
• ISSN: 1058-8183; 1740-8261
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2009.01509.x

Ventrodorsal extended hip radiographs were analyzed from Foxhounds, Irish setters, Greyhounds, and Labrador retrievers radiographed four to seven times between 8 and 110 weeks of age. Occurrence in these 91 dogs of a puppy line, an ill-defined zone of proximal femoral metaphyseal sclerosis, a femoral neck linear sclerosis, or circumferential linear femoral head osteophytosis at 15-17 weeks of age were compared with hip joint laxity, as measured by distraction index, and to later findings of caudal curvilinear femoral neck osteophytes, circumferential femoral head osteophytes, hip incongruity consistent with hip dysplasia and degenerative joint disease by 52 weeks of age. A puppy line and/or femoral metaphyseal sclerosis was common at 15-17 weeks of age for dogs at mimimal risk (Greyhounds) and high risk (Foxhounds) of developing early degenerative joint disease associated with canine hip dysplasia. Though 44% of Greyhound hips had puppy lines and 28% had femoral metaphyseal sclerosis at 15-17 weeks of age, no Greyhound had a caudolateral curvilinear osteophyte or circumferential femoral head osteophyte at 24-27 or 52 weeks of age. No significant relationship was found between occurrence of a puppy line, a circumferential femoral head osteophyte or femoral metaphyseal sclerosis at 15-17 weeks and canine hip dysplasia or degenerative joint disease incidence at 42-52 weeks. Presence of a caudolateral curvilinear osteophyte in at least one hip at 24-27 weeks was significantly related to the diagnosis of canine hip dysplasia by 42-52 weeks. When both a caudolateral curvilinear osteophyte and a circumferential femoral head osteophyte were present in a hip at 24-27 weeks, degenerative joint disease was evident in all such hips by 42-52 weeks of age.