Efficacy of select disinfectants at inactivating Ranavirus

• Published in: Diseases of aquatic organisms 2009-04, Vol.84 (2), p.89-94
• Main Authors: BRYAN, Laura K, BALDWIN, Charles A, GRAY, Matthew J, MILLER, Debra L
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal viral diseases; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Applied ecology; Biological and medical sciences; Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife; Disinfectants - pharmacology; Freshwater; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Infectious diseases; Medical sciences; Parks, reserves, wildlife conservation. Endangered species: population survey and restocking; Ranavirus; Ranavirus - drug effects; Viral diseases
• ISSN: 0177-5103; 1616-1580
• DOI: 10.3354/dao02036

Ranavirus can cause disease in reptiles and amphibians. Because survival time outside of a host remains uncertain, equipment must be disinfected to prevent transmission of ranaviruses. However, disinfectant efficacy against amphibian ranaviruses has not been investigated for chlorhexidine (Nolvasan), sodium hypochlorite (bleach), or potassium compounds. Our goal was to determine the efficacy of Nolvasan (0.25, 0.75 and 2.0%), bleach (0.2, 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0%), and Virkon S (1.0%) at inactivating Ranavirus at 1 and 5 min contact durations. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) (2.0 and 5.0 ppm) was also tested with a 60 min contact time. Nolvasan at 0.75 and 2.0% and bleach at 3.0 and 5.0% concentration were effective for both contact durations. Virkon S was effective for both durations, but KMnO4 was not effective at either concentration. Concentrations of Nolvasan, bleach and Virkon S that are at least 0.75, 3.0 and 1.0%, respectively, are effective at inactivating Ranavirus after 1 min exposure time.