Epidemiologic investigation of the re-emergence of infectious salmon anemia virus in Chile

Reports from surveillance activities were analyzed to determine the epidemiology of the re-emergence of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) in Atlantic salmon farms in Chile. The epidemic and spatial and spatiotemporal patterns were described, taking into account commercial compartmentalization of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diseases of aquatic organisms 2009-04, Vol.84 (2), p.105-114
Main Authors: MARDONES, Fernando O, PEREZ, Andrés M, CARPENTER, Tim E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal aquaculture
Animal productions
Animals
Aquaculture
Biological and medical sciences
Chile - epidemiology
Communicable Diseases, Emerging - veterinary
Communicable Diseases, Emerging - virology
Disease Outbreaks
Fish Diseases - epidemiology
Fish Diseases - virology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Isavirus
Orthomyxoviridae Infections - epidemiology
Orthomyxoviridae Infections - veterinary
Orthomyxoviridae Infections - virology
Pisciculture
Population Surveillance
Salmon
Vertebrate aquaculture
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Summary:Reports from surveillance activities were analyzed to determine the epidemiology of the re-emergence of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) in Atlantic salmon farms in Chile. The epidemic and spatial and spatiotemporal patterns were described, taking into account commercial compartmentalization of the farms. During the 64 wk study period, 76 ISAV-infected salmon farms, representing 17 companies, were reported in 65% of the management geographic zones of the 10th region in southern Chile. Approximately 20% of the farms at risk became infected, with the incidence rate increasing slightly over time. Results from epidemic analyses and observed spatial and spatiotemporal patterns suggested an initial dispersal and subsequent clustering of cases around the index case (IC) in a propagated epidemic mode. Results suggested that delayed depopulation may have been a key factor in the spread and persistence of ISAV. Clustering of cases supported the assumption that passive transmission in seawater from ISAV-infected farms (proximity) is a critical factor in controlling disease. The re-emergence of ISAV in Chile has resulted in one of the largest ISAV epidemics reported in the world and this study generates new hypotheses and provides useful information for spatial disease control planning in salmon farming areas.
ISSN:0177-5103
1616-1580
DOI:10.3354/dao02040