Efficacy of using a combination of rendered protein products as an undegradable intake protein supplement for lactating, winter-calving, beef cows fed bromegrass hay

• Published in: Journal of animal science 2005, Vol.83 (1), p.187-195
• Main Authors: Encinias, A.M, Lardy, G.P, Leupp, J.L, Encinias, H.B, Reynolds, L.P, Caton, J.S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ad libitum feeding; Animal productions; Animals; Animals, Newborn - growth & development; beef cows; beet pulp; Biological and medical sciences; Blood - metabolism; blood meal; Blood Urea Nitrogen; body condition; Body Weight; Bromus; Bromus - chemistry; calves; calving; Cattle - growth & development; Cattle - metabolism; Cattle - physiology; cow feeding; crossbreds; Diet - veterinary; Dietary Supplements - analysis; digestible protein; dry matter intake; Eating - physiology; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood; feather meal; Feathers - metabolism; Feed and pet food industries; feed supplements; Female; Food industries; free fatty acids; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; hay; Insulin - blood; Lactation - physiology; liveweight gain; Male; metabolites; Milk - chemistry; milk production; protein requirement; protein supplements; Proteins - analysis; Proteins - classification; Proteins - metabolism; Random Allocation; sunflower meal; Terrestrial animal productions; urea nitrogen; Vertebrates; weight loss
• ISSN: 0021-8812; 1525-3163
• DOI: 10.2527/2005.831187x

Seventy-two (36 in each of two consecutive years) lactating, British-crossbred cows (609 +/- 19 kg) were used to evaluate effects of feeding a feather meal-blood meal combination on performance by beef cows fed grass hay. Bromegrass hay (9.6% CP, DM basis) was offered ad libitum and intake was measured daily in individual Calan electronic headgates. Acclimation to Calan gates began approximately 20 d after parturition, and treatments were initiated 21 d later. Cows were assigned randomly to one of four treatments (DM basis) for 60 d: 1) nonsupplemented control (CON), 2) energy control (ENG; 790 g/d; 100% beet pulp), 3) degradable intake protein (DIP; 870 g/d; 22% beet pulp and 78% sunflower meal), or 4) undegradable intake protein (UIP; 800 g/d; 62.5% sunflower meal, 30% hydrolyzed feather meal, and 7.5% blood meal). Net energy concentrations of supplements were formulated to provide similar NE(m) intakes (1.36 Mcal/d). The DIP and UIP supplements were calculated to supply similar amounts of DIP (168 g/d) and to supply 64 and 224 g/d of UIP, respectively. Forage DMI (kg/d) decreased in supplemented vs. nonsupplemented (P = 0.03) and DIP vs. UIP (P = 0.001); however, when expressed as a percentage of BW, forage DMI was not different (P = 0.23). Supplemented cows tended (P = 0.17) to lose less BW than CON. Body condition change was not affected (P = 0.60) by postpartum supplementation. No differences were noted in milk production (P = 0.29) or in calf gain during the supplementation period (P = 0.74). Circulating insulin concentrations were not affected by treatment (P = 0.42). In addition, supplementation did not affect circulating concentrations of NEFA (P = 0.18) or plasma urea nitrogen (P = 0.38). Results of the current study indicate that supplementation had little effect on BW, BCS, milk production, or calf BW when a moderate-quality forage (9.6% CP) was fed to postpartum, winter-calving cows in optimal body condition (BCS > 5). Supplemental UIP did not enhance cow performance during lactation. Forage UIP and microbial protein supply were adequate to meet the metabolizable protein requirements of lactating beef cows under the conditions of this study.