How Clean Must Our Drinking Water Be: The Importance of Protective Immunity

Background Cryptosporidium parvum is an important cause of epidemic diarrhea. Few studies have assessed whether serological evidence of prior infection in adults is related to a reduced occurrence of enteric illness MethodsSerum samples and enteric illness event data were obtained in 2000 and 2001 f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2005-03, Vol.191 (5), p.809-814
Main Authors: Frost, Floyd J., Roberts, Melissa, Kunde, Twila R., Craun, Gunther, Tollestrup, Kristine, Harter, Lucy, Muller, Tim
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Antibodies, Protozoan - blood
Antigens
Biological and medical sciences
Child
Child, Preschool
Cryptosporidiosis
Cryptosporidiosis - epidemiology
Cryptosporidiosis - immunology
Cryptosporidium
Cryptosporidium parvum
Diarrhea
Diarrhea - epidemiology
Diarrhea - immunology
Diseases
Drinking water
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gastrointestinal Diseases - epidemiology
Gastrointestinal Diseases - immunology
Groundwater
Humans
Immunity
Immunity, Innate
Infections
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Oocysts
Parasites
Pathogens
Poisson Distribution
Prospective Studies
Water - parasitology
Water Supply - standards
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Summary:Background Cryptosporidium parvum is an important cause of epidemic diarrhea. Few studies have assessed whether serological evidence of prior infection in adults is related to a reduced occurrence of enteric illness MethodsSerum samples and enteric illness event data were obtained in 2000 and 2001 from 326 people served by 1 of 2 unfiltered surface sources or 1 groundwater source. In 2001, filtration was initiated at 1 of the surface sources. Poisson regression related illness episodes with serological responses to the 15/17- and 27-kDa Cryptosporidium antigen groups ResultsSubjects with moderately strong responses to the 15/17-kDa antigen had
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/427561