Loading…
Aquaporin-4 autoimmune syndrome and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-negative opticospinal multiple sclerosis in Japanese
Background Antibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) are found in a fraction of Japanese opticospinal multiple sclerosis (OSMS) patients. However, it remains unknown whether anti-AQP4 antibody-positive and negative OSMS patients possess an identical disease. Objective The objective of the current study was t...
Saved in:
| Published in: | Multiple sclerosis 2009-07, Vol.15 (7), p.834-847 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Subjects: | |
| Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-319680a44baaae247227eb56a376e9257201bf234d0cbc02930f825bb18138e93 |
|---|---|
| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-319680a44baaae247227eb56a376e9257201bf234d0cbc02930f825bb18138e93 |
| container_end_page | 847 |
| container_issue | 7 |
| container_start_page | 834 |
| container_title | Multiple sclerosis |
| container_volume | 15 |
| creator | Matsushita, T Isobe, N Matsuoka, T Shi, N Kawano, Y Wu, XM Yoshiura, T Nakao, Y Ishizu, T Kira, JI |
| description | Background
Antibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) are found in a fraction of Japanese opticospinal multiple sclerosis (OSMS) patients. However, it remains unknown whether anti-AQP4 antibody-positive and negative OSMS patients possess an identical disease.
Objective
The objective of the current study was to clarify immunological differences between the two groups of patients.
Methods
We studied the serum antibody titers against AQP4 in 191 patients with idiopathic central nervous system demyelinating diseases and clarified their relationships with immunological parameters.
Results
Anti-AQP4 antibody positivity rate was higher in patients with OSMS (21/58, 36.2%), idiopathic recurrent myelitis (4/17, 23.5%), and recurrent optic neuritis (7/26, 26.9%), than in conventional MS (CMS) patients (6/90, 6.7%) and patients with other diseases (0/87). Anti-AQP4 antibody titer was significantly higher in patients with SS-A/B antibodies than in those without them. Anti-AQP4 antibody-negative OSMS patients showed significantly higher CD4+IFN-γ+IL-4−T cell percentages and intracellular IFN-γ/IL-4 ratios than anti-AQP4 antibody-positive patients, anti-AQP4 antibody-negative CMS patients, and healthy controls, and CD4+IFN-γ+IL-4−T cell percentages were negatively correlated with anti-AQP4 antibody titers.
Conclusion
Anti-AQP4 antibody-positive patients are immunologically distinct from anti-AQP4 antibody-negative OSMS patients owing to a Th2 shift in the former group in comparison to a Th1 shift in the latter. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/1352458509104595 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_67406808</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sage_id>10.1177_1352458509104595</sage_id><sourcerecordid>67406808</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-319680a44baaae247227eb56a376e9257201bf234d0cbc02930f825bb18138e93</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkUtr3TAQhUVpaNK0-66KKbQ7paOXJS1D6JNANunajGU5KNiSI9mF---jy700JVC6EBKab-ac4RDyjsEFY1p_ZkJxqYwCy0Aqq16QMya1pmA1vKzvWqb7-il5Xco9AGgt1CtyyqxslVTsjOTLhw2XlEOkssFtTWGet-ibsotDTrNvMA71rIHi32D96NOwo9Hf4Rp--yYta3CpLCHi1MzbtIZlqlPc5HMqoTQhNj9xweiLf0NORpyKf3u8z8mvr19ur77T65tvP64ur6mTxq5UMNsaQCl7RPRcas6171WLQrfecqU5sH7kQg7gegfcChgNV33PDBPGW3FOPh3mLjk9bL6s3RyK89NUXaStdK2WUBXMf0HOBAfTthX88Ay8T1uuG-8ZY6RkAioEB8jVzUv2Y7fkMGPedQy6fWrd89Rqy_vj3K2f_fDUcIypAh-PABaH05gxulD-cJxpXtX3BumBK3jnn8z9U_gRlEar7Q</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>218844130</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Aquaporin-4 autoimmune syndrome and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-negative opticospinal multiple sclerosis in Japanese</title><source>SAGE</source><creator>Matsushita, T ; Isobe, N ; Matsuoka, T ; Shi, N ; Kawano, Y ; Wu, XM ; Yoshiura, T ; Nakao, Y ; Ishizu, T ; Kira, JI</creator><creatorcontrib>Matsushita, T ; Isobe, N ; Matsuoka, T ; Shi, N ; Kawano, Y ; Wu, XM ; Yoshiura, T ; Nakao, Y ; Ishizu, T ; Kira, JI</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Antibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) are found in a fraction of Japanese opticospinal multiple sclerosis (OSMS) patients. However, it remains unknown whether anti-AQP4 antibody-positive and negative OSMS patients possess an identical disease.
Objective
The objective of the current study was to clarify immunological differences between the two groups of patients.
Methods
We studied the serum antibody titers against AQP4 in 191 patients with idiopathic central nervous system demyelinating diseases and clarified their relationships with immunological parameters.
Results
Anti-AQP4 antibody positivity rate was higher in patients with OSMS (21/58, 36.2%), idiopathic recurrent myelitis (4/17, 23.5%), and recurrent optic neuritis (7/26, 26.9%), than in conventional MS (CMS) patients (6/90, 6.7%) and patients with other diseases (0/87). Anti-AQP4 antibody titer was significantly higher in patients with SS-A/B antibodies than in those without them. Anti-AQP4 antibody-negative OSMS patients showed significantly higher CD4+IFN-γ+IL-4−T cell percentages and intracellular IFN-γ/IL-4 ratios than anti-AQP4 antibody-positive patients, anti-AQP4 antibody-negative CMS patients, and healthy controls, and CD4+IFN-γ+IL-4−T cell percentages were negatively correlated with anti-AQP4 antibody titers.
Conclusion
Anti-AQP4 antibody-positive patients are immunologically distinct from anti-AQP4 antibody-negative OSMS patients owing to a Th2 shift in the former group in comparison to a Th1 shift in the latter.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1352-4585</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1477-0970</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/1352458509104595</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19465451</identifier><identifier>CODEN: MUSCFZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London, England: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Aquaporin 4 - immunology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Autoantibodies - blood ; Biological and medical sciences ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology ; Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G - blood ; Interferon-gamma - blood ; Interleukin-4 - blood ; Japan ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical sciences ; Multiple sclerosis and variants. Guillain barré syndrome and other inflammatory polyneuropathies. Leukoencephalitis ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - ethnology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - immunology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - pathology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - ethnology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - immunology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - pathology ; Neurology ; Neuromyelitis Optica - ethnology ; Neuromyelitis Optica - immunology ; Neuromyelitis Optica - pathology ; Optic Neuritis - ethnology ; Optic Neuritis - immunology ; Optic Neuritis - pathology ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spinal Cord - pathology ; Syndrome</subject><ispartof>Multiple sclerosis, 2009-07, Vol.15 (7), p.834-847</ispartof><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>SAGE Publications © Jul 2009</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-319680a44baaae247227eb56a376e9257201bf234d0cbc02930f825bb18138e93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-319680a44baaae247227eb56a376e9257201bf234d0cbc02930f825bb18138e93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,79236</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21728446$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19465451$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Matsushita, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Isobe, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matsuoka, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawano, Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, XM</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoshiura, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakao, Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ishizu, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kira, JI</creatorcontrib><title>Aquaporin-4 autoimmune syndrome and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-negative opticospinal multiple sclerosis in Japanese</title><title>Multiple sclerosis</title><addtitle>Mult Scler</addtitle><description>Background
Antibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) are found in a fraction of Japanese opticospinal multiple sclerosis (OSMS) patients. However, it remains unknown whether anti-AQP4 antibody-positive and negative OSMS patients possess an identical disease.
Objective
The objective of the current study was to clarify immunological differences between the two groups of patients.
Methods
We studied the serum antibody titers against AQP4 in 191 patients with idiopathic central nervous system demyelinating diseases and clarified their relationships with immunological parameters.
Results
Anti-AQP4 antibody positivity rate was higher in patients with OSMS (21/58, 36.2%), idiopathic recurrent myelitis (4/17, 23.5%), and recurrent optic neuritis (7/26, 26.9%), than in conventional MS (CMS) patients (6/90, 6.7%) and patients with other diseases (0/87). Anti-AQP4 antibody titer was significantly higher in patients with SS-A/B antibodies than in those without them. Anti-AQP4 antibody-negative OSMS patients showed significantly higher CD4+IFN-γ+IL-4−T cell percentages and intracellular IFN-γ/IL-4 ratios than anti-AQP4 antibody-positive patients, anti-AQP4 antibody-negative CMS patients, and healthy controls, and CD4+IFN-γ+IL-4−T cell percentages were negatively correlated with anti-AQP4 antibody titers.
Conclusion
Anti-AQP4 antibody-positive patients are immunologically distinct from anti-AQP4 antibody-negative OSMS patients owing to a Th2 shift in the former group in comparison to a Th1 shift in the latter.</description><subject>Aquaporin 4 - immunology</subject><subject>Asian Continental Ancestry Group</subject><subject>Autoantibodies - blood</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>CD4 Lymphocyte Count</subject><subject>CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</subject><subject>Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G - blood</subject><subject>Interferon-gamma - blood</subject><subject>Interleukin-4 - blood</subject><subject>Japan</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Multiple sclerosis and variants. Guillain barré syndrome and other inflammatory polyneuropathies. Leukoencephalitis</subject><subject>Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - ethnology</subject><subject>Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - immunology</subject><subject>Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - pathology</subject><subject>Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - ethnology</subject><subject>Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - immunology</subject><subject>Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - pathology</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neuromyelitis Optica - ethnology</subject><subject>Neuromyelitis Optica - immunology</subject><subject>Neuromyelitis Optica - pathology</subject><subject>Optic Neuritis - ethnology</subject><subject>Optic Neuritis - immunology</subject><subject>Optic Neuritis - pathology</subject><subject>Predictive Value of Tests</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Spinal Cord - pathology</subject><subject>Syndrome</subject><issn>1352-4585</issn><issn>1477-0970</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkUtr3TAQhUVpaNK0-66KKbQ7paOXJS1D6JNANunajGU5KNiSI9mF---jy700JVC6EBKab-ac4RDyjsEFY1p_ZkJxqYwCy0Aqq16QMya1pmA1vKzvWqb7-il5Xco9AGgt1CtyyqxslVTsjOTLhw2XlEOkssFtTWGet-ibsotDTrNvMA71rIHi32D96NOwo9Hf4Rp--yYta3CpLCHi1MzbtIZlqlPc5HMqoTQhNj9xweiLf0NORpyKf3u8z8mvr19ur77T65tvP64ur6mTxq5UMNsaQCl7RPRcas6171WLQrfecqU5sH7kQg7gegfcChgNV33PDBPGW3FOPh3mLjk9bL6s3RyK89NUXaStdK2WUBXMf0HOBAfTthX88Ay8T1uuG-8ZY6RkAioEB8jVzUv2Y7fkMGPedQy6fWrd89Rqy_vj3K2f_fDUcIypAh-PABaH05gxulD-cJxpXtX3BumBK3jnn8z9U_gRlEar7Q</recordid><startdate>20090701</startdate><enddate>20090701</enddate><creator>Matsushita, T</creator><creator>Isobe, N</creator><creator>Matsuoka, T</creator><creator>Shi, N</creator><creator>Kawano, Y</creator><creator>Wu, XM</creator><creator>Yoshiura, T</creator><creator>Nakao, Y</creator><creator>Ishizu, T</creator><creator>Kira, JI</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>Sage Publications</general><general>Sage Publications Ltd</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090701</creationdate><title>Aquaporin-4 autoimmune syndrome and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-negative opticospinal multiple sclerosis in Japanese</title><author>Matsushita, T ; Isobe, N ; Matsuoka, T ; Shi, N ; Kawano, Y ; Wu, XM ; Yoshiura, T ; Nakao, Y ; Ishizu, T ; Kira, JI</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-319680a44baaae247227eb56a376e9257201bf234d0cbc02930f825bb18138e93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Aquaporin 4 - immunology</topic><topic>Asian Continental Ancestry Group</topic><topic>Autoantibodies - blood</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>CD4 Lymphocyte Count</topic><topic>CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</topic><topic>Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G - blood</topic><topic>Interferon-gamma - blood</topic><topic>Interleukin-4 - blood</topic><topic>Japan</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Multiple sclerosis and variants. Guillain barré syndrome and other inflammatory polyneuropathies. Leukoencephalitis</topic><topic>Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - ethnology</topic><topic>Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - immunology</topic><topic>Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - pathology</topic><topic>Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - ethnology</topic><topic>Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - immunology</topic><topic>Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - pathology</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Neuromyelitis Optica - ethnology</topic><topic>Neuromyelitis Optica - immunology</topic><topic>Neuromyelitis Optica - pathology</topic><topic>Optic Neuritis - ethnology</topic><topic>Optic Neuritis - immunology</topic><topic>Optic Neuritis - pathology</topic><topic>Predictive Value of Tests</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Spinal Cord - pathology</topic><topic>Syndrome</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Matsushita, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Isobe, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matsuoka, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawano, Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, XM</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoshiura, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakao, Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ishizu, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kira, JI</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Proquest)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Multiple sclerosis</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Matsushita, T</au><au>Isobe, N</au><au>Matsuoka, T</au><au>Shi, N</au><au>Kawano, Y</au><au>Wu, XM</au><au>Yoshiura, T</au><au>Nakao, Y</au><au>Ishizu, T</au><au>Kira, JI</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Aquaporin-4 autoimmune syndrome and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-negative opticospinal multiple sclerosis in Japanese</atitle><jtitle>Multiple sclerosis</jtitle><addtitle>Mult Scler</addtitle><date>2009-07-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>834</spage><epage>847</epage><pages>834-847</pages><issn>1352-4585</issn><eissn>1477-0970</eissn><coden>MUSCFZ</coden><abstract>Background
Antibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) are found in a fraction of Japanese opticospinal multiple sclerosis (OSMS) patients. However, it remains unknown whether anti-AQP4 antibody-positive and negative OSMS patients possess an identical disease.
Objective
The objective of the current study was to clarify immunological differences between the two groups of patients.
Methods
We studied the serum antibody titers against AQP4 in 191 patients with idiopathic central nervous system demyelinating diseases and clarified their relationships with immunological parameters.
Results
Anti-AQP4 antibody positivity rate was higher in patients with OSMS (21/58, 36.2%), idiopathic recurrent myelitis (4/17, 23.5%), and recurrent optic neuritis (7/26, 26.9%), than in conventional MS (CMS) patients (6/90, 6.7%) and patients with other diseases (0/87). Anti-AQP4 antibody titer was significantly higher in patients with SS-A/B antibodies than in those without them. Anti-AQP4 antibody-negative OSMS patients showed significantly higher CD4+IFN-γ+IL-4−T cell percentages and intracellular IFN-γ/IL-4 ratios than anti-AQP4 antibody-positive patients, anti-AQP4 antibody-negative CMS patients, and healthy controls, and CD4+IFN-γ+IL-4−T cell percentages were negatively correlated with anti-AQP4 antibody titers.
Conclusion
Anti-AQP4 antibody-positive patients are immunologically distinct from anti-AQP4 antibody-negative OSMS patients owing to a Th2 shift in the former group in comparison to a Th1 shift in the latter.</abstract><cop>London, England</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>19465451</pmid><doi>10.1177/1352458509104595</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1352-4585 |
| ispartof | Multiple sclerosis, 2009-07, Vol.15 (7), p.834-847 |
| issn | 1352-4585 1477-0970 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_67406808 |
| source | SAGE |
| subjects | Aquaporin 4 - immunology Asian Continental Ancestry Group Autoantibodies - blood Biological and medical sciences CD4 Lymphocyte Count CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases Humans Immunoglobulin G - blood Interferon-gamma - blood Interleukin-4 - blood Japan Magnetic Resonance Imaging Medical sciences Multiple sclerosis and variants. Guillain barré syndrome and other inflammatory polyneuropathies. Leukoencephalitis Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - ethnology Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - immunology Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive - pathology Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - ethnology Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - immunology Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - pathology Neurology Neuromyelitis Optica - ethnology Neuromyelitis Optica - immunology Neuromyelitis Optica - pathology Optic Neuritis - ethnology Optic Neuritis - immunology Optic Neuritis - pathology Predictive Value of Tests Reproducibility of Results Spinal Cord - pathology Syndrome |
| title | Aquaporin-4 autoimmune syndrome and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-negative opticospinal multiple sclerosis in Japanese |
| url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-07T20%3A27%3A10IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Aquaporin-4%20autoimmune%20syndrome%20and%20anti-aquaporin-4%20antibody-negative%20opticospinal%20multiple%20sclerosis%20in%20Japanese&rft.jtitle=Multiple%20sclerosis&rft.au=Matsushita,%20T&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=834&rft.epage=847&rft.pages=834-847&rft.issn=1352-4585&rft.eissn=1477-0970&rft.coden=MUSCFZ&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177/1352458509104595&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E67406808%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-319680a44baaae247227eb56a376e9257201bf234d0cbc02930f825bb18138e93%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=218844130&rft_id=info:pmid/19465451&rft_sage_id=10.1177_1352458509104595&rfr_iscdi=true |