Guard cell metabolism and CO2 sensing

In this review we concentrate on guard cell metabolism and CO2 sensing. Although a matter of some controversy, it is generally accepted that the Calvin cycle plays a minor role in stomatal movements. Recent data emphasise the importance of guard cell starch degradation and of carbon import from the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The New phytologist 2005-03, Vol.165 (3), p.665-682
Main Authors: Vavasseur, Alain, Raghavendra, Agepati S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
abscisic acid
abscisic acid (ABA)
Anions
Biological and medical sciences
Calvin cycle
carbohydrate transporter
Carbon dioxide
Carbon Dioxide - metabolism
Cell membranes
cell respiration
Chloroplasts
CO2 sensing
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
guard cell
Guard cells
ion channels
light
literature reviews
Mesophyll cells
metabolism
Oxygen Consumption
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
Photosynthesis
Physiological regulation
Plant Leaves - cytology
Plant Leaves - metabolism
Plant physiology
Plant physiology and development
Plant Proteins
Plants
protein phosphorylation
Signal Transduction
Starches
stomatal movement
Tansley Reviews
transporters
Water and solutes. Absorption, translocation and permeability
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Summary:In this review we concentrate on guard cell metabolism and CO2 sensing. Although a matter of some controversy, it is generally accepted that the Calvin cycle plays a minor role in stomatal movements. Recent data emphasise the importance of guard cell starch degradation and of carbon import from the guard cell apoplast in promoting and maintaining stomatal opening. Chloroplast maltose and glucose transporters appear to be crucial to the export of carbon from both guard and mesophyll cells. The way guard cells sense CO2 remains an unresolved question. However, a better understanding of the cellular events downstream from CO2 sensing is emerging. We now recognise that there are common as well as unique steps in abscisic acid (ABA) and CO2 signalling pathways. For example, while ABA and CO2 both trigger increases in cytoplasmic free calcium, unlike ABA, CO2 does not promote a cytoplasmic pH change. Future advances in this area are likely to result from the increased use of techniques and resources, such as, reverse genetics, novel mutants, confocal imaging, and microarray analyses of the guard cell transcriptome.
ISSN:0028-646X
1469-8137
DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01276.x