MAX1 Encodes a Cytochrome P450 Family Member that Acts Downstream of MAX3/4 to Produce a Carotenoid-Derived Branch-Inhibiting Hormone

The plant shoot body plan is highly variable, depending on the degree of branching. Characterization of the max1– max4 mutants of Arabidopsis demonstrates that branching is regulated by at least one carotenoid-derived hormone. Here we show that all four MAX genes act in a single pathway, with MAX1,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Developmental cell 2005-03, Vol.8 (3), p.443-449
Main Authors: Booker, Jonathan, Sieberer, Tobias, Wright, Wendy, Williamson, Lisa, Willett, Barbara, Stirnberg, Petra, Turnbull, Colin, Srinivasan, Murali, Goddard, Peter, Leyser, Ottoline
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Sequence
Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis - cytology
Arabidopsis - genetics
Arabidopsis - metabolism
Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics
Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism
Carotenoids - metabolism
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - genetics
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - genetics
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - physiology
Hormones - metabolism
Molecular Sequence Data
Mutation - genetics
Oxygenases - genetics
Oxygenases - metabolism
Plant Shoots - cytology
Plant Shoots - genetics
Plant Shoots - metabolism
Thromboxane-A Synthase - genetics
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Summary:The plant shoot body plan is highly variable, depending on the degree of branching. Characterization of the max1– max4 mutants of Arabidopsis demonstrates that branching is regulated by at least one carotenoid-derived hormone. Here we show that all four MAX genes act in a single pathway, with MAX1, MAX3, and MAX4 acting in hormone synthesis, and MAX2 acting in perception. We propose that MAX1 acts on a mobile substrate, downstream of MAX3 and MAX4, which have immobile substrates. These roles for MAX3, MAX4, and MAX2 are consistent with their known molecular identities. We identify MAX1 as a member of the cytochrome P450 family with high similarity to mammalian Thromboxane A 2 synthase. This, with its expression pattern, supports its suggested role in the MAX pathway. Moreover, the proposed enzymatic series for MAX hormone synthesis resembles that of two already characterized signal biosynthetic pathways: prostaglandins in animals and oxilipins in plants.
ISSN:1534-5807
1878-1551
DOI:10.1016/j.devcel.2005.01.009