Endogenous remyelination is induced by transplant rejection in a viral model of multiple sclerosis

Abstract Human embryonic stem cell-derived oligodendrocyte progenitors (OPCs) were transplanted into mice persistently infected with the neurotropic JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus with established demyelination. Engrafted cells did not survive past 2 weeks following transplantation despite trea...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neuroimmunology 2009-07, Vol.212 (1), p.74-81
Main Authors: Hatch, Maya N, Schaumburg, Chris S, Lane, Thomas E, Keirstead, Hans S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergy and Immunology
Animals
Cell Differentiation
Cells, Cultured
Cyclosporine - pharmacology
Disease Models, Animal
Embryonic stem cell
Embryonic Stem Cells - transplantation
Graft Rejection - physiopathology
Lymphocyte Activation - drug effects
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis - pathology
Multiple Sclerosis - physiopathology
Multiple Sclerosis - therapy
Murine hepatitis virus
Myelin Sheath - physiology
Neurology
Oligodendrocyte
Oligodendroglia - cytology
Oligodendroglia - transplantation
Remyelination
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Virus
Virus Replication - drug effects
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Summary:Abstract Human embryonic stem cell-derived oligodendrocyte progenitors (OPCs) were transplanted into mice persistently infected with the neurotropic JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus with established demyelination. Engrafted cells did not survive past 2 weeks following transplantation despite treatment with high dose cyclosporine A. While T cell infiltration into the CNS was dampened, elevated numbers of macrophage/microglia and endogenous OPCs were evident surrounding the implantation site and this was associated with increased remyelination. These data suggest that remyelination was initiated by the local response to xenograft transplantation. These findings illustrate the complexities of OPC transplantation into areas of robust immune-mediated pathology.
ISSN:0165-5728
1872-8421
DOI:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.05.002