Individual Differences in Skilled Reaching for Food Related to Increased Number of Gestures: Evidence for Goal and Habit Learning of Skilled Reaching

• Published in: Behavioral neuroscience 2009-08, Vol.123 (4), p.863-874
• Main Authors: Gholamrezaei, Gita, Whishaw, Ian Q
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetylcholinesterase - metabolism; Animal; Animal cognition; Animal Development; Animal Feeding Behavior; Animal Learning; Animal Locomotion; Animals; Behavioral psychophysiology; Biological and medical sciences; Brain; Cell Count; Cerebral Cortex - anatomy & histology; Cerebral Cortex - cytology; Cerebral Cortex - enzymology; Differences; Experimental psychology; Feeding Behavior; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gestures; Individual Differences; Learning; Locomotion; Motor Activity; Motor Skills; Neurons - cytology; Primates; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Pyramidal Tracts - anatomy & histology; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Rodents
• ISSN: 0735-7044; 1939-0084
• DOI: 10.1037/a0016369

Skilled reaching in rodents and primate is motorically similar, but success in reaching by rodents is distinctively variable. The source of this variability has not been examined previously. Long-Evans rats were videotaped as they reached for food in 2 different reaching tasks, and endpoint measures of performance were examined in relation to variables previously associated with individual differences, including testing procedures, rehabilitation, movement ability, general locomotor activity, and cortical anatomy. There were individual differences in performance, but these were not related to the dependent measures related to training, movement ability, locomotor activity, or anatomy (e.g., brain with cortical thickness, acetylcholinesterase and neuron density, pyramidal tract size). Success was negatively related to numbers of gestures (non-weight-bearing movements of the reaching limb) used on a reach, however. The results are discussed in relation to the idea that individual differences in response strategy bias some rats to use a more successful goal strategy and others to use a less successful habit strategy for skilled reaching.