Transcranial Doppler for evaluation of cerebral autoregulation

Transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) can measure cerebral blood flow velocity in the main intracranial vessels non-invasively and with high accuracy. Combined with the availability of non-invasive devices for continuous measurement of arterial blood pressure, the relatively low cost, ease-of-use, a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical autonomic research 2009-08, Vol.19 (4), p.197-211
Main Author: Panerai, Ronney B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood Flow Velocity - physiology
Brain - physiology
Brain Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Brain Diseases - physiopathology
Cardiology
Cerebral Arteries - diagnostic imaging
Cerebral Arteries - physiology
Cerebrovascular Circulation - physiology
Craniocerebral Trauma - diagnosis
Craniocerebral Trauma - diagnostic imaging
Diabetes
Endocrinology
Gastroenterology
Homeostasis - physiology
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neurology
Ophthalmology
Review Article
Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial
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Description
Summary:Transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) can measure cerebral blood flow velocity in the main intracranial vessels non-invasively and with high accuracy. Combined with the availability of non-invasive devices for continuous measurement of arterial blood pressure, the relatively low cost, ease-of-use, and excellent temporal resolution of TCD have stimulated the development of new techniques to assess cerebral autoregulation in the laboratory or bedside using a dynamic approach, instead of the more classical ‘static’ method. Clinical applications have shown consistent results in certain conditions such as severe head injury and carotid artery disease. Studies in syncopal patients revealed a more complex pattern due to aetiological non-homogeneity and methodological limitations mainly due to inadequate sample-size. Different analytical models to quantify autoregulatory performance have also contributed to the diversity of results in the literature. The review concludes with specific recommendations for areas where further validation and research are needed to improve the reliability and usefulness of TCD in clinical practice.
ISSN:0959-9851
1619-1560
DOI:10.1007/s10286-009-0011-8