Anatomical-based defense responses of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stems to two fungal pathogens

We investigated the cellular responses of stem tissues of mature Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees to inoculations with two fungal pathogens. The bark beetle vectored fungus, Leptographium wingfieldii Morelet, induced longer lesions in the bark, stronger swelling of polyphenolic parenchyma cell...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tree physiology 2006-02, Vol.26 (2), p.159-167
Main Authors: Nagy, N.E, Krokene, P, Solheim, H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ascomycota - growth & development
bark beetles
Basidiomycota - growth & development
calcium oxalate
Calcium Oxalate - analysis
cell walls
chemical constituents of plants
crystals
defense mechanisms
disease resistance
disease transmission
forest trees
fungal diseases of plants
Heterobasidion annosum
Leptographium
Leptographium wingfieldii
parenchyma
pathogenicity
Phloem - anatomy & histology
Phloem - cytology
Phloem - metabolism
Pinus sylvestris
Pinus sylvestris - anatomy & histology
Pinus sylvestris - cytology
Pinus sylvestris - microbiology
Plant Diseases - microbiology
plant pathogenic fungi
Plant Stems - anatomy & histology
Plant Stems - cytology
Plant Stems - microbiology
polyphenols
quantitative analysis
resin canals
starch
Starch - analysis
symptoms
wood anatomy
Xylem - anatomy & histology
Xylem - cytology
Xylem - metabolism
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Summary:We investigated the cellular responses of stem tissues of mature Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees to inoculations with two fungal pathogens. The bark beetle vectored fungus, Leptographium wingfieldii Morelet, induced longer lesions in the bark, stronger swelling of polyphenolic parenchyma cells, more polyphenol accumulation and increased ray parenchyma activity compared with the root rot fungus, Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref., or mechanical wounding. Axial resin ducts in the xylem are a general feature of the preformed defenses of Scots pine, but there was no clear induction of additional traumatic axial resin ducts in response to wounding or fungal infection. The anatomical responses of Scots pine to pathogen infection were localized to the infection site and were attenuated away from bark lesions. The responses observed in Scots pine were compared with published studies on Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) for which anatomically based defense responses have been well characterized.
ISSN:0829-318X
1758-4469
DOI:10.1093/treephys/26.2.159