Mucosal Leishmaniasis Patients Display an Activated Inflammatory T‐cell Phenotype Associated with a Nonbalanced Monocyte Population

Leishmania braziliensis is a parasite that can induce at least two clinical forms of leishmaniasis in humans: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and mucosal leishmaniasis (ML). In humans, the specific mechanisms that determine which form will develop following infection are not well established. In this s...

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Published in:Scandinavian journal of immunology 2006-01, Vol.63 (1), p.70-78
Main Authors: Gaze, S. T., Dutra, W. O., Lessa, M., Lessa, H., Guimarães, L. H., De Jesus, A. R., Carvalho, L. P., Machado, P., Carvalho, E. M., Gollob, K. J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens, CD - analysis
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Humans
Interleukin-10 - metabolism
Leishmania braziliensis
Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous - immunology
Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous - immunology
Lymphocyte Activation
Monocytes - immunology
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
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Summary:Leishmania braziliensis is a parasite that can induce at least two clinical forms of leishmaniasis in humans: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and mucosal leishmaniasis (ML). In humans, the specific mechanisms that determine which form will develop following infection are not well established. In this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 17 CL and 9 ml patients were compared both ex vivo and after culture with soluble leishmania antigen (SLA). Patients with ML presented a higher frequency of activated T cells as measured by ex vivo frequencies of CD4+CD69+, CD4+CD28–, CD4+CD62L– and CD8+CD69+ than those with CL. Moreover, after stimulation with SLA, patients with ML presented a higher frequency of TNF‐α‐producing CD4+ and CD14+ cells than CL individuals. While CL patients displayed a positive correlation between the frequency of IL‐10 and TNF‐α‐producing monocytes, the ML patients did not. This lack of a positive correlation between IL‐10‐producing and TNF‐α‐producing monocytes in ML patients could lead to a less controlled inflammatory response in vivo. These results corroborate with a model of an exacerbated, unregulated, immune response in ML patients and point to key immunomodulatory leucocyte populations and cytokine networks that may be involved in the development of immunopathology in ML patients.
ISSN:0300-9475
1365-3083
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.2005.01707.x