The regulation and pharmacology of endothelial nitric oxide synthase

Nitric oxide (NO) is a small, diffusible, lipophilic free radical gas that mediates significant and diverse signaling functions in nearly every organ system in the body. The endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a key source of NO found in the cardiovascular system. This review summ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology 2006-01, Vol.46 (1), p.235-276
Main Authors: DUDZINSKI, David M, IGARASHI, Junsuke, GREIF, Daniel, MICHEL, Thomas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiovascular system
Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental - physiology
Humans
Isoenzymes - antagonists & inhibitors
Isoenzymes - metabolism
Medical sciences
Miscellaneous
Nitric Oxide - metabolism
Nitric Oxide - physiology
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - antagonists & inhibitors
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - metabolism
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
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Summary:Nitric oxide (NO) is a small, diffusible, lipophilic free radical gas that mediates significant and diverse signaling functions in nearly every organ system in the body. The endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a key source of NO found in the cardiovascular system. This review summarizes the pharmacology of NO and the cellular regulation of endothelial NOS (eNOS). The molecular intricacies of the chemistry of NO and the enzymology of NOSs are discussed, followed by a review of the biological activities of NO. This information is then used to develop a more global picture of the pharmacological control of NO synthesis by NOSs in both physiologic conditions and pathophysiologic states.
ISSN:0362-1642
1545-4304
DOI:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121844