Cytokine and antibody profiles in 1-year-old children vaccinated with either acellular or whole-cell pertussis vaccine during infancy

• Published in: Vaccine 2009-10, Vol.27 (43), p.6042-6047
• Main Authors: Dirix, V, Verscheure, V, Goetghebuer, T, Hainaut, M, Debrie, A.S, Locht, C, Mascart, F
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Allergy and Immunology; Antibodies, Bacterial - blood; Antibodies, Bacterial - immunology; Antigen-specific immune responses; Applied microbiology; Bacterial diseases; Biological and medical sciences; Bordetella; Cells, Cultured; Children; Cytokines; Cytokines - blood; Cytokines - immunology; Ent and stomatologic bacterial diseases; Follow-Up Studies; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; g-Interferon; Helper cells; Hepatitis; Human bacterial diseases; Human infants; Humans; Immune response; Immune system; Immunity, Cellular; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin G - blood; Immunoglobulin G - immunology; Infant; Infants; Infectious diseases; Leukocytes, Mononuclear - immunology; Lymphocytes T; Medical sciences; Microbiology; Pertussis; Pertussis Vaccine - immunology; Pertussis vaccines; Secretions; Studies; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxoid - immunology; Th1 Cells - immunology; Th2 Cells - immunology; Toxins; Vaccines; Vaccines, Acellular - immunology; Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies (general aspects); Whooping cough; Whooping Cough - immunology; Whooping Cough - prevention & control
• ISSN: 0264-410X; 1873-2518
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.07.075

Abstract Two different types of pertussis vaccines are currently available to protect children against whooping cough, the first-generation whole-cell (Pw) vaccines and the more recent acellular (Pa) vaccines. Both types provide good protection, yet induce different types of immune responses in 6-month-old infants, with a strong Th1 response induced by Pw vaccines compared to a mixed Th1/Th2 response and a delay in non-specific IFN-γ secretions after the administration of Pa vaccines. We show here that at 13 months of age, most Pw- or Pa-vaccinated children display Bordetella pertussis -specific T-cell responses, in addition to significant antibody levels, although a higher Th2/Th1 cytokine ratio remained in Pa recipients compared to Pw recipients. In contrast, the proportion of children with tetanus toxin-specific T-cell responses was lower in Pa than in Pw vaccine recipients, although most children had protective anti-tetanus toxin IgG levels. In addition, the global Th2 bias observed in 6-month-old infants vaccinated with a Pa vaccine was normalized at 13 months.