Altered CD45 expression and disease

CD45, the leucocyte common antigen, is a haemopoietic cell-specific tyrosine phosphatase. Many isoforms are generated by alternative splicing, but their function remains obscure. The extracellular domain of CD45 is highly polymorphic in all vertebrates. Importantly, human polymorphic variants that a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in Immunology 2006-03, Vol.27 (3), p.146-153
Main Authors: Tchilian, Elma Z., Beverley, Peter C.L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alleles
Animals
Autoimmune diseases
Diabetes
Exons
Gene Expression
Genetic Diseases, Inborn
Genetic Variation
Hepatitis
Humans
Immune system
Kinases
Leukocyte Common Antigens - genetics
Leukocyte Common Antigens - physiology
Lupus
Lymphocytes
Molecular weight
Multiple sclerosis
Polymorphism, Genetic
Population
Rodents
Signal transduction
T cell receptors
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Description
Summary:CD45, the leucocyte common antigen, is a haemopoietic cell-specific tyrosine phosphatase. Many isoforms are generated by alternative splicing, but their function remains obscure. The extracellular domain of CD45 is highly polymorphic in all vertebrates. Importantly, human polymorphic variants that alter CD45 isoform expression are associated with autoimmune and infectious diseases, establishing CD45 as an important immunomodulator with a significant influence on disease burden. Here, we discuss the new opportunities provided by the human variants for investigating and understanding how CD45 regulates antigen receptor signalling, cytokine responses and apoptosis.
ISSN:1471-4906
1471-4981
1365-2567
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2006.01.001