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Contribution of α-Gustducin to Taste-guided Licking Responses of Mice
We examined the necessity of α-gustducin, a G protein α-subunit expressed in taste cells, to taste-mediated licking responses of mice to sapid stimuli. To this end, we measured licking responses of α-gustducin knock-out (Gus−/−) mice and heterozygotic littermate controls (Gus+/−) to a variety of ‘bi...
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Published in: | Chemical senses 2005-05, Vol.30 (4), p.299-316 |
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description | We examined the necessity of α-gustducin, a G protein α-subunit expressed in taste cells, to taste-mediated licking responses of mice to sapid stimuli. To this end, we measured licking responses of α-gustducin knock-out (Gus−/−) mice and heterozygotic littermate controls (Gus+/−) to a variety of ‘bitter’, ‘umami’, ‘sweet’, ‘salty’ and ‘sour’ taste stimuli. All previous studies of how Gus−/− mice ingest taste stimuli have used long-term (i.e. 48 h) preference tests, which may be confounded by post-ingestive and/or experiential effects of the taste stimuli. We minimized these confounds by using a brief-access taste test, which quantifies immediate lick responses to extremely small volumes of sapid solutions. We found that deleting α-gustducin (i) dramatically reduced the aversiveness of a diverse range of ‘bitter’ taste stimuli; (ii) moderately decreased appetitive licking to low and intermediate concentrations of an ‘umami’ taste stimulus (monosodium glutamate in the presence of 100 μM amiloride), but virtually eliminated the normal aversion to high concentrations of the same taste stimulus; (iii) slightly decreased appetitive licking to ‘sweet’ taste stimuli; and (iv) modestly reduced the aversiveness of high, but not low or intermediate, concentrations of NaCl. There was no significant effect of deleting α-gustducin on licking responses to NH4Cl or HCl. |
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To this end, we measured licking responses of α-gustducin knock-out (Gus−/−) mice and heterozygotic littermate controls (Gus+/−) to a variety of ‘bitter’, ‘umami’, ‘sweet’, ‘salty’ and ‘sour’ taste stimuli. All previous studies of how Gus−/− mice ingest taste stimuli have used long-term (i.e. 48 h) preference tests, which may be confounded by post-ingestive and/or experiential effects of the taste stimuli. We minimized these confounds by using a brief-access taste test, which quantifies immediate lick responses to extremely small volumes of sapid solutions. We found that deleting α-gustducin (i) dramatically reduced the aversiveness of a diverse range of ‘bitter’ taste stimuli; (ii) moderately decreased appetitive licking to low and intermediate concentrations of an ‘umami’ taste stimulus (monosodium glutamate in the presence of 100 μM amiloride), but virtually eliminated the normal aversion to high concentrations of the same taste stimulus; (iii) slightly decreased appetitive licking to ‘sweet’ taste stimuli; and (iv) modestly reduced the aversiveness of high, but not low or intermediate, concentrations of NaCl. There was no significant effect of deleting α-gustducin on licking responses to NH4Cl or HCl.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0379-864X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-3553</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bji025</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15800219</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CHSED8</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; brief-access taste test ; Feeding Behavior - physiology ; Food Deprivation - physiology ; Food Preferences - physiology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; knock-out mice ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Olfactory system and olfaction. Gustatory system and gustation ; taste ; Taste - physiology ; Taste Buds - physiology ; Transducin - genetics ; Transducin - physiology ; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs ; Water Deprivation - physiology ; α-gustducin</subject><ispartof>Chemical senses, 2005-05, Vol.30 (4), p.299-316</ispartof><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c398t-6d532a992ecb17279de0969bc5e3a162894f5ebe9ba0ae165d6b67c937a083af3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c398t-6d532a992ecb17279de0969bc5e3a162894f5ebe9ba0ae165d6b67c937a083af3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16730121$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15800219$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Glendinning, John I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bloom, Lauren D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Onishi, Maika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Kun Hao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Damak, Sami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Margolskee, Robert F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spector, Alan C.</creatorcontrib><title>Contribution of α-Gustducin to Taste-guided Licking Responses of Mice</title><title>Chemical senses</title><addtitle>Chem. Senses</addtitle><description>We examined the necessity of α-gustducin, a G protein α-subunit expressed in taste cells, to taste-mediated licking responses of mice to sapid stimuli. To this end, we measured licking responses of α-gustducin knock-out (Gus−/−) mice and heterozygotic littermate controls (Gus+/−) to a variety of ‘bitter’, ‘umami’, ‘sweet’, ‘salty’ and ‘sour’ taste stimuli. All previous studies of how Gus−/− mice ingest taste stimuli have used long-term (i.e. 48 h) preference tests, which may be confounded by post-ingestive and/or experiential effects of the taste stimuli. We minimized these confounds by using a brief-access taste test, which quantifies immediate lick responses to extremely small volumes of sapid solutions. We found that deleting α-gustducin (i) dramatically reduced the aversiveness of a diverse range of ‘bitter’ taste stimuli; (ii) moderately decreased appetitive licking to low and intermediate concentrations of an ‘umami’ taste stimulus (monosodium glutamate in the presence of 100 μM amiloride), but virtually eliminated the normal aversion to high concentrations of the same taste stimulus; (iii) slightly decreased appetitive licking to ‘sweet’ taste stimuli; and (iv) modestly reduced the aversiveness of high, but not low or intermediate, concentrations of NaCl. There was no significant effect of deleting α-gustducin on licking responses to NH4Cl or HCl.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>brief-access taste test</subject><subject>Feeding Behavior - physiology</subject><subject>Food Deprivation - physiology</subject><subject>Food Preferences - physiology</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>knock-out mice</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Knockout</subject><subject>Olfactory system and olfaction. Gustatory system and gustation</subject><subject>taste</subject><subject>Taste - physiology</subject><subject>Taste Buds - physiology</subject><subject>Transducin - genetics</subject><subject>Transducin - physiology</subject><subject>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><subject>Water Deprivation - physiology</subject><subject>α-gustducin</subject><issn>0379-864X</issn><issn>1464-3553</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpFkLFOwzAQhi0EoqUwsqIssIXacWzHI6poi1SEqIpasViOcylu06TEiQSPxYvwTKRKRKcb7vv_O30IXRN8T7CkQ_MBOwfDeGNxwE5Qn4Q89Clj9BT1MRXSj3i46qEL5zYYk5AG0TnqERZhHBDZR-NRkVeljevKFrlXpN7vjz-pXZXUxuZeVXgL7Srw17VNIPFm1mxtvvbm4PZF7sAdEs_WwCU6S3Xm4KqbA_Q2flyMpv7sZfI0epj5hsqo8nnCaKClDMDERARCJoAll7FhQDXhQSTDlEEMMtZYA-Es4TEXRlKhcUR1Sgforu3dl8VnDa5SO-sMZJnOoaid4kJwKXnYgH4LmrJwroRU7Uu70-W3IlgdxKlWnGrFNfxNV1zHO0iOdGeqAW47QDujs7TUubHuyHFBMQnI8bBtvH3973W5bZ6jgqnp6l2Fr-PpcjmP1Ij-AeOjiAc</recordid><startdate>20050501</startdate><enddate>20050501</enddate><creator>Glendinning, John I.</creator><creator>Bloom, Lauren D.</creator><creator>Onishi, Maika</creator><creator>Zheng, Kun Hao</creator><creator>Damak, Sami</creator><creator>Margolskee, Robert F.</creator><creator>Spector, Alan C.</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050501</creationdate><title>Contribution of α-Gustducin to Taste-guided Licking Responses of Mice</title><author>Glendinning, John I. ; Bloom, Lauren D. ; Onishi, Maika ; Zheng, Kun Hao ; Damak, Sami ; Margolskee, Robert F. ; Spector, Alan C.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c398t-6d532a992ecb17279de0969bc5e3a162894f5ebe9ba0ae165d6b67c937a083af3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>brief-access taste test</topic><topic>Feeding Behavior - physiology</topic><topic>Food Deprivation - physiology</topic><topic>Food Preferences - physiology</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>knock-out mice</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mice, Knockout</topic><topic>Olfactory system and olfaction. Gustatory system and gustation</topic><topic>taste</topic><topic>Taste - physiology</topic><topic>Taste Buds - physiology</topic><topic>Transducin - genetics</topic><topic>Transducin - physiology</topic><topic>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</topic><topic>Water Deprivation - physiology</topic><topic>α-gustducin</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Glendinning, John I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bloom, Lauren D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Onishi, Maika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Kun Hao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Damak, Sami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Margolskee, Robert F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spector, Alan C.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Chemical senses</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Glendinning, John I.</au><au>Bloom, Lauren D.</au><au>Onishi, Maika</au><au>Zheng, Kun Hao</au><au>Damak, Sami</au><au>Margolskee, Robert F.</au><au>Spector, Alan C.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Contribution of α-Gustducin to Taste-guided Licking Responses of Mice</atitle><jtitle>Chemical senses</jtitle><addtitle>Chem. 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We found that deleting α-gustducin (i) dramatically reduced the aversiveness of a diverse range of ‘bitter’ taste stimuli; (ii) moderately decreased appetitive licking to low and intermediate concentrations of an ‘umami’ taste stimulus (monosodium glutamate in the presence of 100 μM amiloride), but virtually eliminated the normal aversion to high concentrations of the same taste stimulus; (iii) slightly decreased appetitive licking to ‘sweet’ taste stimuli; and (iv) modestly reduced the aversiveness of high, but not low or intermediate, concentrations of NaCl. There was no significant effect of deleting α-gustducin on licking responses to NH4Cl or HCl.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>15800219</pmid><doi>10.1093/chemse/bji025</doi><tpages>18</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Biological and medical sciences brief-access taste test Feeding Behavior - physiology Food Deprivation - physiology Food Preferences - physiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology knock-out mice Male Mice Mice, Knockout Olfactory system and olfaction. Gustatory system and gustation taste Taste - physiology Taste Buds - physiology Transducin - genetics Transducin - physiology Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs Water Deprivation - physiology α-gustducin |
title | Contribution of α-Gustducin to Taste-guided Licking Responses of Mice |
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