The role of dietary cations in the blood pressure of renal transplant recipients

• Published in: Clinical transplantation 2006-01, Vol.20 (1), p.37-42
• Main Authors: Ramesh Prasad, GV, Huang, Michael, Nash, Michelle M, Zaltzman, Jeffrey S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 24-h urine; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Pressure - drug effects; calcium; Calcium - administration & dosage; Calcium - pharmacology; Calcium - urine; Cations; Creatinine - urine; Diet; Diseases of the digestive system; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; Humans; Hypertension - etiology; Hypertension - prevention & control; Kidney Transplantation - physiology; magnesium; Magnesium - administration & dosage; Magnesium - pharmacology; Magnesium - urine; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; post-transplant hypertension; potassium; Proteins - metabolism; Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects); sodium; Sodium Chloride, Dietary - pharmacology; Sodium Chloride, Dietary - urine; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Tissue, organ and graft immunology; Transplantation, Homologous
• ISSN: 0902-0063; 1399-0012
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2005.00437.x

:  Background:  The role of dietary cations in hypertension has been evaluated in the general population and selected subgroups, but its contribution to blood pressure (BP) elevations in patients with functional renal allografts has not been critically examined. Methods:  After counseling based on Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) guidelines, we measured timed 24‐h urine excretion rates of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium as a surrogate for their dietary intake, in 244 stable adult single‐organ renal transplant recipients, correlating these with averaged blinded clinic‐measured BP values. Multiple linear regression analysis adjusting for factors affecting BP in transplant recipients was performed. Results:  There was no correlation between systolic (SBP) or diastolic pressure (DBP) and 24‐h urine excretion rates of each cation. There was no BP difference between patients receiving cyclosporine and tacrolimus (127/77 vs. 129/78 mmHg, p = 0.38), or in cation excretion except for calcium (2.85 ± 2.0 vs. 2.90 ± 2.8, p = 0.002). Protein excretion (p