Immunogenicity and effect of a virosomal influenza vaccine on viral replication and T-cell activation in HIV-infected children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy

• Published in: Journal of medical virology 2006-04, Vol.78 (4), p.440-445
• Main Authors: Tanzi, Elisabetta, Esposito, Susanna, Bojanin, Jelena, Amendola, Antonella, Trabattoni, Daria, Pariani, Elena, Pinzani, Raffaella, Zanetti, Alessandro, Principi, Nicola
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Biological and medical sciences; Child; children; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; HIV; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - immunology; HIV-1 - drug effects; HIV-1 - physiology; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Human viral diseases; Humans; immunogenicity; Infectious diseases; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - immunology; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype - immunology; Influenza B virus - immunology; influenza vaccine; Influenza Vaccines - administration & dosage; Influenza Vaccines - immunology; Influenza, Human - immunology; Influenza, Human - prevention & control; Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Medical sciences; Microbiology; Miscellaneous; T-cell activation; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Treatment Outcome; Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies; Viral diseases; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids; Viral Load; viral replication; Virology; Virosomes; Virus Replication
• ISSN: 0146-6615; 1096-9071
• DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20559

In order to evaluate the immunogenicity and the effect of a virosomal influenza vaccine on viral replication and T‐cell activation in HIV‐infected children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), 29 children infected with HIV‐1 vertically (19 primed with a previous influenza vaccination and 10 who were not been immunized against influenza) were immunized with an intramuscular virosome‐adjuvanted influenza vaccine. According to the European Agency for Evaluation of Medical Products (EMEA) criteria, the immunogenicity of the vaccine was adequate against all three influenza strains (A H1N1, A H3N2, and B) in the primed children, and against A H1N1 and A H3N2 in the unprimed children. After in vitro stimulation with vaccine antigens, the IFN‐γ levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultures increased significantly from a baseline level of 103.0 ± 229.8 pg/ml to a 30‐day level of 390.7 ± 606.3 pg/ml (P