A 4.0-T fMRI study of brain connectivity during word fluency in first-episode schizophrenia

To use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate functional connectivity, and hence, underlying neural networks, in never-treated, first-episode patients with schizophrenia using a word fluency paradigm known to activate prefrontal, anterior cingulate, and thalamic regions. Abnorma...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Schizophrenia research 2005-06, Vol.75 (2), p.247-263
Main Authors: Boksman, Kristine, Théberge, Jean, Williamson, Peter, Drost, Dick J., Malla, Ashok, Densmore, Maria, Takhar, Jatinder, Pavlosky, William, Menon, Ravi S., Neufeld, Richard W.J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Anterior cingulate
Biological and medical sciences
Brain - physiopathology
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Female
fMRI
Functional connectivity
Gyrus Cinguli - physiopathology
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Medical sciences
Nerve Net - physiopathology
Prefrontal Cortex - physiopathology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Psychophysiological interaction
Psychoses
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - diagnosis
Schizophrenia - physiopathology
SPM
Thalamus - physiopathology
Verbal Behavior
Vocabulary
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Summary:To use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate functional connectivity, and hence, underlying neural networks, in never-treated, first-episode patients with schizophrenia using a word fluency paradigm known to activate prefrontal, anterior cingulate, and thalamic regions. Abnormal connectivity between the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and other brain regions has been demonstrated in chronic, medicated patients in previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies, but has not to our knowledge, previously been demonstrated using both first-episode, drug-naïve patients and fMRI technology. A 4.0-Tesla (T) fMRI was used to examine activation and functional connectivity [psychophysiological interactions (PPIs)] during a word fluency task compared to silent reading in 10 never-treated, first-episode patients with schizophrenia and 10 healthy volunteers of comparable age, sex, handedness, and parental education. Compared to healthy volunteers, the schizophrenia patient group exhibited less activation during the word fluency task, mostly in the right anterior cingulate and prefrontal regions. Psychophysiological interactions between right anterior cingulate and other parts of the brain revealed a localized interaction with the left temporal lobe in healthy volunteers during the task and a widespread unfocussed interaction in patients. These findings suggest anterior cingulate involvement in the neuronal circuitry underlying schizophrenia.
ISSN:0920-9964
1573-2509
DOI:10.1016/j.schres.2004.09.025