Immunomodulatory Properties of Grifola frondosa in Submerged Culture

Maitake (Grifola frondosa) is a popular mushroom in Asia for its tasty flavor and immune-stimulating property. The aim of the study is to investigate the innate immunity augmentation effects of different extracts of mycelia and culture filtrate from G. frondosa in submerged cultures. The hot water e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2006-04, Vol.54 (8), p.2906-2914
Main Authors: Wu, Ming-Jiuan, Cheng, Tso-Lin, Cheng, Su-Yun, Lian, Tzi-Wei, Wang, Lisu, Chiou, Shu-Yuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Basidiomycota
Biological and medical sciences
Bioreactors
CD11b Antigen - analysis
cell culture
cell-mediated immunity
complement
complement receptor 3
culture filtrates
cytokines
Cytokines - biosynthesis
Cytotoxicity, Immunologic - drug effects
extracts
Fermentation
Food industries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Grifola - chemistry
Grifola - growth & development
Grifola frondosa
Hot Temperature
Humans
Immunity - drug effects
immunostimulants
Killer Cells, Natural - immunology
Leukocytes - drug effects
Leukocytes - immunology
mycelium
Mycelium - chemistry
neutrophils
phagocytosis
polysaccharides
Polysaccharides - pharmacology
receptors
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Summary:Maitake (Grifola frondosa) is a popular mushroom in Asia for its tasty flavor and immune-stimulating property. The aim of the study is to investigate the innate immunity augmentation effects of different extracts of mycelia and culture filtrate from G. frondosa in submerged cultures. The hot water extract of mycelia showed the strongest cytokine induction effect as a function of its concentration in human whole blood culture. The most potent fractions of hot water extract, Fr. I and II, were mainly composed of polysaccharides with molecular masses of 43−140 and 13−38 kDa, respectively. These fractions (0.025 mg/mL) showed marked activity in enhancing phagocytosis of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). In parallel, the expression of CD11b, an early marker of PMN activation, was also up-regulated dose dependently. This result suggested that complement receptor 3 was primed by these fractions. In addition to activation of phagocytes, these bioactive fractions also increased human peripheral blood natural killer cell cytotoxicity. These results imply that the relatively low molecular mass polysaccharides isolated from mycelia of G. frondosa can enhance innate immunity in vitro and therefore may serve as biological response modifiers. Keywords: Grifola frondosa; immunomodulatory effect; phagocytosis; cytokine; NK cytotoxicity; CD11b
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf052893q