Specificity of prenatal cocaine on inhibition of locus coeruleus neurite outgrowth

Prenatal cocaine exposure induces alterations in attentional function that presumably involve locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons and their projections. Previous reports indicate that embryonic rat locus coeruleus neurons exposed to cocaine, both in vitro and in vivo, showed in decreased cell surv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuroscience 2006, Vol.139 (3), p.899-907
Main Authors: Dey, S., Mactutus, C.F., Booze, R.M., Snow, D.M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
attention
Biological and medical sciences
Cells, Cultured
Cocaine - pharmacology
development
Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors - pharmacology
drug abuse
Embryo, Mammalian
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Immunohistochemistry
Locus Coeruleus - drug effects
Locus Coeruleus - growth & development
Locus Coeruleus - pathology
Medical sciences
Neurites - drug effects
Neurites - pathology
Neuropharmacology
noradrenergic
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Pregnancy
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - pathology
Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease)
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopharmacology
rat
Rats
Substantia Nigra - drug effects
Substantia Nigra - growth & development
Substantia Nigra - pathology
Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
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Summary:Prenatal cocaine exposure induces alterations in attentional function that presumably involve locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons and their projections. Previous reports indicate that embryonic rat locus coeruleus neurons exposed to cocaine, both in vitro and in vivo, showed in decreased cell survival and inhibition of neurite outgrowth, and that the effects were most deleterious during early gestation. The present study performed in vitro addressed the specificity of the inhibitory effects of cocaine by comparing locus coeruleus neurite formation and extension to that of dopaminergic substantia nigra neurons following exposure to a physiologically-relevant dose of cocaine (500 ng/ml, two times a day, for four days) during peak neuritogenesis. Following cocaine treatment, immunocytochemistry (anti-norepinephrine antibody to locus coeruleus; anti-tyrosine hydroxylase antibody to substantia nigra) and image analysis were performed to measure a variety of neurite outgrowth parameters. For locus coeruleus neurons, cocaine treatment decreased the 1) number of cells initiating neurites [ P
ISSN:0306-4522
1873-7544
DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.12.053