Directions in the immune targeting of cancer: Lessons learned from the cancer-testis Ag NY-ESO-1

Since the early 1990s, numerous cancer Ag have been defined and for a handful of these there is now some clinical experience, which has made it possible to assess their value as targets for cancer immunotherapy. The cancer‐testis Ag have been particularly attractive because their expression is limit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Immunology and cell biology 2006-06, Vol.84 (3), p.303-317
Main Authors: Nicholaou, Theo, Ebert, Lisa, Davis, Ian D, Robson, Neil, Klein, Oliver, Maraskovsky, Eugene, Chen, Weisan, Cebon, Jonathan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens, Neoplasm - immunology
cancer immunology
cancer vaccine
Cancer Vaccines - immunology
cancer‐testis Ag
dendritic cell
Humans
Immunotherapy
ISCOMATRIX
Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - immunology
Membrane Proteins - immunology
Neoplasms - therapy
NY‐ESO‐1
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Vaccination
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Summary:Since the early 1990s, numerous cancer Ag have been defined and for a handful of these there is now some clinical experience, which has made it possible to assess their value as targets for cancer immunotherapy. The cancer‐testis Ag have been particularly attractive because their expression is limited to cancer and virtually no non‐malignant cells apart from germ cells and trophoblast. Among these, NY‐ESO‐1 has been the focus of our attention. The exceptional immunogenicity of this Ag coupled with its widespread distribution among many cancer types make it a very good vaccine candidate, with the potential to be used in vaccines against many types of malignancies. This article reviews emerging knowledge about the biology of NY‐ESO‐1 and experience with the early clinical development of vaccines directed against NY‐ESO‐1. These early studies have yielded a wealth of information about the immunology of NY‐ESO‐1 and set the scene for future clinical strategies for immune targeting of cancer.
ISSN:0818-9641
1440-1711
DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1711.2006.01446.x