Occurrence of the Southeast Asian/South American SVMNT Haplotype of the Chloroquine-Resistance Transporter Gene in Plasmodium falciparum in Tanzania

Two main haplotypes, CVIET and SVMNT, of the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistance transporter gene (Pfcrt) are linked to 4-aminoquinoline resistance. The CVIET haplotype has been reported in most malaria-endemic regions, whereas the SVMNT haplotype has only been found outside Africa. We inve...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2006-06, Vol.193 (12), p.1738-1741
Main Authors: Alifrangis, Michael, Dalgaard, Michael B., Lusingu, John P., Vestergaard, Lasse S., Staalsoe, Trine, Jensen, Anja T. R., Enevold, Anders, Rønn, Anita M., Khalil, Insaf F., Warhurst, David C., Lemnge, Martha M., Theander, Thor G., Bygbjerg, Ib C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Amodiaquine - therapeutic use
Animals
Antimalarials
Antimalarials - pharmacology
Antimalarials - therapeutic use
Child
Child, Preschool
Chloroquine - pharmacology
Codons
Drug Resistance - genetics
Falciparum malaria
Gene Frequency
Genetic mutation
Haplotypes
Humans
Infections
Malaria
Malaria, Falciparum - parasitology
Membrane Proteins - genetics
Membrane Transport Proteins
Parasites
Parasitism
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium falciparum - drug effects
Plasmodium falciparum - genetics
Polymerase chain reaction
Protozoan Proteins
Tanzania
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Summary:Two main haplotypes, CVIET and SVMNT, of the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistance transporter gene (Pfcrt) are linked to 4-aminoquinoline resistance. The CVIET haplotype has been reported in most malaria-endemic regions, whereas the SVMNT haplotype has only been found outside Africa. We investigated Pfcrt haplotype frequencies in Korogwe District, Tanzania, in 2003 and 2004. The SVMNT haplotype was not detected in 2003 but was found in 19% of infected individuals in 2004. Amodiaquine use has increased in the region. The introduction and high prevalence of the SVMNT haplotype may reflect this and may raise concern regarding the use of amodiaquine in artemisinin-based combination therapies in Africa
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/504269