Antihyperlipidemic effect of Eugenia jambolana seed kernel on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats

• Published in: Food and chemical toxicology 2005-09, Vol.43 (9), p.1433-1439
• Main Authors: Ravi, Kasiappan, Rajasekaran, Subbaih, Subramanian, Sorimuthu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: animal models; Animals; Antihyperlipidemic; Biological and medical sciences; blood lipids; cholesteremic effect; Cholesterol - blood; cholesterol metabolism; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - blood; Eugenia; Eugenia jambolana; fatty acid composition; Fatty acids; Fatty Acids - blood; free fatty acids; Fruit - chemistry; Glyburide - pharmacology; glycemic effect; high density lipoprotein; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Hypolipidemic Agents - pharmacology; Lipids - blood; Lipoproteins - blood; low density lipoprotein; Male; Medical sciences; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; oxidative stress; Phospholipids - blood; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Rats; Rats, Wistar; seed extracts; seeds; Seeds - chemistry; Streptozotocin; Syzygium - chemistry; Syzygium cumini; Toxicology; Triglycerides - blood; very low density lipoprotein
• ISSN: 0278-6915; 1873-6351
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2005.04.004

Abnormalities in lipid profile are one of the most common complications in diabetes mellitus, which is found in about 40% of diabetics. In the present study, anti-hyperlipidemic efficacy of Eugenia jambolana seed kernel (EJs-kernel) was evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and the efficacy was compared with standard hypoglycemic drug, glibenclamide. The effect of oral administration of ethanolic extract of EJs-kernel (100 mg/kg body weight) was examined on the levels of cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides and free fatty acids in the plasma, liver and kidney tissues of STZ (55 mg/kg body weight)-induced diabetic rats. The plasma lipoproteins and tissues fatty acid composition were also monitored. STZ-induced diabetic rats, showed significant increase in the levels of cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides and free fatty acids which were considerably restored to near normal in EJs-kernel or glibenclamide treated animals. The plasma lipoproteins (HDL, LDL, VLDL-cholesterol) and fatty acid composition were altered in STZ-induced diabetic rats and these levels were also reverted back to near normalcy by EJs-kernel or glibenclamide treatment. It may be concluded that, EJs-kernel possesses hypolipidemic effect, which may be due to the presence of flavonoids, saponins, glycosides and triterpenoids in the extract. The hypolipidemic effect mediated by EJs-kernel may also be anticipated to have biological significance and provide a scientific rationale for the use of EJs-kernel as an anti-diabetic plant.