Instrumentation in anaerobic treatment--research and practice

High rate anaerobic treatment reactors are able to uncouple solids and liquid retention time, resulting in high biomass concentrations. Principal advantages of anaerobic treatment include: energy efficiency, low biomass yield, low nutrient requirement and high volumetric organic loadings. In order t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water science and technology 2006-01, Vol.53 (4-5), p.63-76
Main Authors: Spanjers, H, van Lier, J B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anaerobic digestion
Anaerobic processes
Anaerobic treatment
Automatic control
Automation
Bacteria, Anaerobic
Biomass
Biomass energy production
Bioreactors
Control equipment
Control systems
Energy efficiency
Instrumentation
Instruments
Measurement techniques
Mineral nutrients
Online Systems
Process control
Process controls
Process variables
Reactors
Retention time
Waste Disposal, Fluid - instrumentation
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Summary:High rate anaerobic treatment reactors are able to uncouple solids and liquid retention time, resulting in high biomass concentrations. Principal advantages of anaerobic treatment include: energy efficiency, low biomass yield, low nutrient requirement and high volumetric organic loadings. In order to facilitate small reactors operation with stable and good performance automatic process control systems in combination with on-line instrumentation are proposed. The paper reviews the development and availability of the principal instrumentation for anaerobic treatment processes. First, the most important measuring principles are discussed, followed by a review of the most important process variables with emphasis on the development of their instrumental measurement techniques and application in research. Finally, a summary of actual application of instrumentation in full-scale anaerobic treatment plants is presented.
ISSN:0273-1223
1996-9732
DOI:10.2166/wst.2006.111