Combined Effect of the Metabolic Syndrome and Hostility on the Incidence of Myocardial Infarction (The Normative Aging Study)

• Published in: The American journal of cardiology 2005-07, Vol.96 (2), p.221-226
• Main Authors: Todaro, John F., Con, Andrea, Niaura, Raymond, Spiro, Avron, Ward, Kenneth D., Roytberg, Anna
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age Distribution; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Cardiology. Vascular system; Cohort Studies; Comorbidity; Coronary heart disease; Emotions; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart; Heart attacks; Hostility; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Medical disorders; Medical sciences; Metabolic diseases; Metabolic Syndrome - diagnosis; Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Miscellaneous; Multivariate Analysis; Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis; Myocardial Infarction - epidemiology; Myocarditis. Cardiomyopathies; Other metabolic disorders; Probability; Prospective Studies; Psychology; Reference Values; Risk Assessment; Risk factors; Sex Distribution
• ISSN: 0002-9149; 1879-1913
• DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.03.049

A growing body of evidence suggests that the metabolic syndrome and hostility are independent risk factors for the development of coronary heart disease. However, few studies have examined the combined effect of the metabolic syndrome and hostility on the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI). We examined prospectively the relation among the metabolic syndrome, hostility, and the incidence of MI in healthy, older men (mean ± SD 59.7 ± 7.2 years) who participated in the Normative Aging Study. Seven hundred fifty-four men who were diagnosed as not having coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus were included in the present study. Men were assigned to 1 of 4 risk-factor groups based on the presence or absence of the metabolic syndrome and low or high hostility. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to assess the multivariate risk of developing a MI. The incidence of MI was 11.3% (n = 85) over an average follow-up period of 13.8 years. After adjusting for potential covariates, risk-factor group significantly predicted the incidence of MI (odds ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.29 to 1.96, p