Antibacterial effects and physical properties of glass-ionomer cements containing chlorhexidine for the ART approach

• Published in: Dental materials 2006-07, Vol.22 (7), p.647-652
• Main Authors: Takahashi, Yusuke, Imazato, Satoshi, Kaneshiro, Andrea V., Ebisu, Shigeyuki, Frencken, Jo E., Tay, Franklin R.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Actinomyces - drug effects; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Infective Agents, Local - administration & dosage; Anti-Infective Agents, Local - pharmacology; Antibacterial effects; Atraumatic restorative treatment; Bond strength; Chi-Square Distribution; Chlorhexidine; Chlorhexidine - administration & dosage; Chlorhexidine - pharmacology; Compressive Strength; Dental Bonding; Dental Restoration, Permanent - methods; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentin-Bonding Agents - pharmacology; Dentistry; Glass Ionomer Cements - pharmacology; Glass-ionomer cement; Lactobacillus casei - drug effects; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Setting time; Streptococcus mutans - drug effects
• ISSN: 0109-5641; 1879-0097
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2005.08.003

Since atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) involves removal of carious lesions with manual instruments, improvement of filling materials to guarantee greater success should be considered. This study aimed to evaluate antibacterial, physical, and bonding properties of glass-ionomer cements (GIC) containing chlorhexidine (CHX), and to determine optimal concentrations for incorporation of agents to obtain antibacterial GICs for use with the ART approach. CHX diacetate combined with CHX dihydrochloride was added to control GIC powder to obtain concentration ratios of 1/0, 2/0, 3/0, 1/1, or 2/2% w/w. Antibacterial activity of each cement against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei or Actinomyces naeslundii was examined using agar-diffusion methods, and release of CHX was analyzed by HPLC. Compressive strength, bond strength to dentin, and setting time were measured, and compared with those of control samples. All experimental GICs exhibited inhibition of three bacteria, but sizes of inhibition zones and concentrations of CHX released were not dependent upon CHX content. Incorporation of CHX diacetate at 2% or greater, significantly decreased compressive strength, and bond strength to dentin was adversely affected by addition of CHX diacetate at 2% or more ( p