Knockdown of Cone-Specific Kinase GRK7 in Larval Zebrafish Leads to Impaired Cone Response Recovery and Delayed Dark Adaptation

Phosphorylation of rhodopsin by rhodopsin kinase GRK1 is an important desensitization mechanism in scotopic vision. For cone vision GRK1 is not essential. However, cone opsin is phosphorylated following light stimulation. In cone-dominant animals as well as in humans, but not in rodents, GRK7, a con...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuron (Cambridge, Mass.) Mass.), 2005-07, Vol.47 (2), p.231-242
Main Authors: Rinner, Oliver, Makhankov, Yuri V., Biehlmaier, Oliver, Neuhauss, Stephan C.F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Animals, Genetically Modified
Arrestin - metabolism
Blotting, Western
Cloning
Cloning, Molecular - methods
Contrast Sensitivity - genetics
Contrast Sensitivity - physiology
Danio rerio
Dark Adaptation - genetics
Electroretinography - methods
Endocrine system
Evoked Potentials - genetics
Evoked Potentials - radiation effects
Eye - metabolism
Eye - pathology
Freshwater
G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinases
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Genomes
Immunohistochemistry - methods
In Situ Hybridization - methods
Kinases
Larva - genetics
Larva - physiology
Light
Phosphorylation
Photic Stimulation - methods
Photoreceptors
Pineal Gland - embryology
Pineal Gland - metabolism
Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases - deficiency
Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases - physiology
Psychophysics
Retina
Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells - embryology
Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells - metabolism
Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells - physiology
Rhodopsin - metabolism
Time Factors
Zebrafish
Zebrafish - genetics
Zebrafish - physiology
Zebrafish Proteins
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Phosphorylation of rhodopsin by rhodopsin kinase GRK1 is an important desensitization mechanism in scotopic vision. For cone vision GRK1 is not essential. However, cone opsin is phosphorylated following light stimulation. In cone-dominant animals as well as in humans, but not in rodents, GRK7, a cone-specific homolog of GRK1, has been identified in cone outer segments. To investigate the function of GRK7 in vivo, we cloned two orthologs of grk7 in zebrafish and knocked down gene expression of grk7a in zebrafish larvae by morpholino antisense nucleotides. Photoresponse recovery in Grk7a-deficient larvae was delayed in electroretinographic measurements, and temporal contrast sensitivity was reduced, particularly under bright-light conditions. These results show that function of a cone-specific kinase is essential for cone vision in the zebrafish retina and argue that pigment bleaching and spontaneous decay alone are not sufficient for light adaptation and rapid cone response inactivation.
ISSN:0896-6273
1097-4199
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.06.010