Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2, and CD40 Ligand Levels in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease

• Published in: The American journal of cardiology 2005-08, Vol.96 (3), p.339-345
• Main Authors: Tayebjee, Muzahir H., Lip, Gregory Y.H., Tan, Kiat T., Patel, Jeetesh V., Hughes, Elizabeth A., MacFadyen, Robert J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers - blood; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; Cardiology. Vascular system; Cardiovascular disease; Case-Control Studies; CD40 Ligand - blood; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Artery Disease - blood; Coronary Artery Disease - diagnostic imaging; Coronary heart disease; Disease Progression; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Enzymes; Female; Heart; Humans; Inhibitor drugs; Logistic Models; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - blood; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Patients; Plasma; Proteins; Sensitivity and Specificity; Severity of Illness Index; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 - blood; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 - blood; Tissues
• ISSN: 0002-9149; 1879-1913
• DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.03.072

Endogenous matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), are important mediators of extracellular matrix remodeling, which is integral to plaque progression in coronary artery disease. In addition, high levels of the soluble fragment of CD40 ligand (sCD40L) have previously been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We hypothesized that circulating levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and sCD40L were abnormal in patients who had stable coronary artery disease, and these levels were compared with those in matched controls. We also hypothesized correlations of MMPs, TIMPs, and sCD40L to each other and to high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (a proinflammatory marker), white blood cell count, severity of coronary artery disease (based on angiographic measurements of atherosclerotic burden), and coronary collateralization. We studied 204 adult patients who attended our unit for outpatient diagnostic cardiac catheterization for the investigation of suspected coronary artery disease. Coronary angiograms were scored for atheroma burden and stenosis by 2 independent observers. Circulating levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and sCD40L were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma levels of MMP-9 (p = 0.0099), TIMP-2 (p = 0.0019), and sCD40L (p