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Neurobiology of 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in rats: Electrode mapping, lesion, and pharmacology studies

Fifty-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations have been proposed to reflect a positive appetitive affective state in rats, being consistently linked to the positive appetitive behavior. In the first study, we examined the brain substrates of 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) by using localized electrical...

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Published in:Behavioural brain research 2007-09, Vol.182 (2), p.274-283
Main Authors: Burgdorf, Jeffrey, Wood, Paul L., Kroes, Roger A., Moskal, Joseph R., Panksepp, Jaak
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creator Burgdorf, Jeffrey
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description Fifty-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations have been proposed to reflect a positive appetitive affective state in rats, being consistently linked to the positive appetitive behavior. In the first study, we examined the brain substrates of 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) by using localized electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB) at various sites that are known to mediate reward. We found that the brain areas that produced ESB-induced 50-kHz calls are the areas that have previously been shown to support the most vigorous self-stimulation behavior (prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, lateral preoptic area, lateral hypothalamus, ventral tegmental area, and raphe). Importantly, all animals that showed repeatable ESB-induced 50-kHz USVs demonstrated self-stimulation behavior. In the second study, conditioned place preference was assessed following microinjection of the μ-opiate agonist Tyr- d-Ala-Gly- N-methyl-Phe-Gly-ol (DAMGO) directly into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) at a dose previously found to be rewarding. Animals that showed more 50-kHz USVs in response to drug injections compared to vehicle injections showed significant place preferences, whereas animals that did not show elevated vocalization to DAMGO did not show place preference. In experiment 3, we examined the effect of VTA electrolytic lesions, 6-OHDA lesions, and the effect of the D1/D2 dopamine antagonist flupenthixol (0 and 0.8 mg/kg, i.p.) on 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations. We found that these manipulations all selectively reduced 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations, and that these effects could be disassociated from any side effects. These data are consistent with the proposition that 50-kHz calls are tightly linked to reward in rats and that the neural circuit of 50-kHz calls closely overlaps that of ESB self-stimulation reward, drug reward, and the mesolimbic dopamine system.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.bbr.2007.03.010
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Animals that showed more 50-kHz USVs in response to drug injections compared to vehicle injections showed significant place preferences, whereas animals that did not show elevated vocalization to DAMGO did not show place preference. In experiment 3, we examined the effect of VTA electrolytic lesions, 6-OHDA lesions, and the effect of the D1/D2 dopamine antagonist flupenthixol (0 and 0.8 mg/kg, i.p.) on 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations. We found that these manipulations all selectively reduced 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations, and that these effects could be disassociated from any side effects. These data are consistent with the proposition that 50-kHz calls are tightly linked to reward in rats and that the neural circuit of 50-kHz calls closely overlaps that of ESB self-stimulation reward, drug reward, and the mesolimbic dopamine system.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>17449117</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.bbr.2007.03.010</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Analgesics, Opioid - pharmacology
Animals
Brain Mapping
Conditioning, Operant - drug effects
Conditioning, Operant - physiology
Conditioning, Operant - radiation effects
DAMGO
Dopamine
Electric Stimulation - methods
Electrical stimulation of the brain
Electrodes
Emotion
Enkephalin, Ala-MePhe-Gly- - pharmacology
Female
Neurobiology
Rats
Rats, Long-Evans
Reward
Self Stimulation - physiology
Ultrasonic vocalizations
Ultrasonics - classification
Ultrasonography - methods
Ventral Tegmental Area - drug effects
Ventral Tegmental Area - injuries
Ventral Tegmental Area - physiology
Ventral Tegmental Area - radiation effects
Vocalization, Animal - classification
Vocalization, Animal - drug effects
Vocalization, Animal - physiology
Vocalization, Animal - radiation effects
title Neurobiology of 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in rats: Electrode mapping, lesion, and pharmacology studies
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