Study of nasopharyngeal bacterial flora. Second report. Variations in nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in children aged 6 years or younger when administered antimicrobial agents. Part 2

• Published in: Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy 2006-10, Vol.12 (5), p.305-330
• Main Authors: Konno, Masatoshi, Baba, Shunkichi, Mikawa, Haruki, Hara, Kohei, Matsumoto, Fumio, Kaga, Kimitaka, Nishimura, Tadao, Kobayashi, Toshimitsu, Furuya, Nobuhiko, Moriyama, Hiroshi, Okamoto, Yoshitaka, Furukawa, Mituru, Yamanaka, Noboru, Matsushima, Toshiharu, Yoshizawa, Yasuyuki, Kohno, Shigeru, Kobayashi, Kunihiko, Morikawa, Akihiro, Koizumi, Shoichi, Sunakawa, Keisuke, Inoue, Matsuhisa, Ubukata, Kimiko
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anti-Infective Agents - therapeutic use; Bacteria; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Resistance; Female; Haemophilus Infections - microbiology; Haemophilus influenzae; Haemophilus influenzae - isolation & purification; Humans; Infant; Male; Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis - isolation & purification; Moraxella catarrhalis; Moraxellaceae Infections - microbiology; Nasopharynx - drug effects; Nasopharynx - microbiology; Otitis Media - drug therapy; Otitis Media - microbiology; Pneumococcal Infections - microbiology; Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods; Respiratory Tract Infections - drug therapy; Respiratory Tract Infections - microbiology; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification
• ISSN: 1341-321X
• DOI: 10.1007/s10156-006-0469-4

This report focuses on changes in the nasopharyngeal bacterial flora before and after administration of antimicrobial agents in 172 cases of acute upper respiratory infection in patients aged 6 years or younger. The antimicrobial agents administered were amoxicillin (AMPC) (34%), clavulanic acid/amoxicillin compound (11%), cefditren pivoxil (CDTR-PI) (43%), and others (12%). Changes in nasopharyngeal bacterial flora were investigated with reexaminations conducted after 2-5 days (day 2-5 subgroup), 6-10 days (day 6-10 subgroup), and 11 days and thereafter. There was a significant reduction in the Streptococcus pneumoniae detected in the group administered AMPC (AMPC group) in the day 2-5 subgroup and the day 6-10 subgroup. There was also a significant decrease in H. influenzae in the group administered CDTR-PI (CDTR-PI group) in the day 2-5 subgroup. From this it was inferred that for the most part significant changes in infectious nasopharyngeal bacteria occurred in the day 2-5 subgroups. However, a significant improvement in the degree of inflammation, as indicated by leukocyte infiltration images for the AMPC group, was observed in the day 2-5 subgroup, and for the CDTR-PI group in the day 6-10 subgroup. On the other hand, in both the antimicrobial agent groups, S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis were newly detected at reexamination. Furthermore, a difference in the incidence of these bacteria was observed between the 2 antimicrobial agent groups. It was suggested that such phenomena related to the survival of resistant strains or a recurrence otitis media.