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Application of biochemical and X-ray diffraction analyses to establish the postmortem interval
Abstract The determination of the date of death from bone remains is of scientific interest but also has important legal implications. The establishment of the postmortem interval (PMI) is a very complex problem because of the great number of intrinsic factors that may alter the normal course of pos...
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Published in: | Forensic science international 2007-10, Vol.172 (2), p.112-118 |
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description | Abstract The determination of the date of death from bone remains is of scientific interest but also has important legal implications. The establishment of the postmortem interval (PMI) is a very complex problem because of the great number of intrinsic factors that may alter the normal course of postmortem change, such as the age, sex, constitution and previous physiological and pathological states of the subject, and external factors. In order to evaluate the utility of X-ray diffraction and the measurement of some components in dating bone remains, a total of 69 long bones from 69 different cadavers (41 males, 28 females) with a mean age of 68 years (S.D. = 17.6, range 12–97) were used. The bones were removed from cement tombs of Murcia Cemetery, where they had lain for documented times of between 7 and 54 years (S.D. = 11.6, mean time 17.6 years). We have studied potassium, sulphur, nitrogen, urea, total protein, phosphorus, and some X-ray diffraction (XRD) parameters related to the degree of crystallinity of the mineral component in medullar and cortical bone zones to establish which of the two provides the most useful information for calculating the PMI. In the overall analysis of our data, we believe that the use of both XRD and biochemical analyses (especially of urea, potassium and sulphur) particularly in the cortical zone of the bone could be an alternative method for dating osseous remains. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.12.014 |
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The establishment of the postmortem interval (PMI) is a very complex problem because of the great number of intrinsic factors that may alter the normal course of postmortem change, such as the age, sex, constitution and previous physiological and pathological states of the subject, and external factors. In order to evaluate the utility of X-ray diffraction and the measurement of some components in dating bone remains, a total of 69 long bones from 69 different cadavers (41 males, 28 females) with a mean age of 68 years (S.D. = 17.6, range 12–97) were used. The bones were removed from cement tombs of Murcia Cemetery, where they had lain for documented times of between 7 and 54 years (S.D. = 11.6, mean time 17.6 years). We have studied potassium, sulphur, nitrogen, urea, total protein, phosphorus, and some X-ray diffraction (XRD) parameters related to the degree of crystallinity of the mineral component in medullar and cortical bone zones to establish which of the two provides the most useful information for calculating the PMI. In the overall analysis of our data, we believe that the use of both XRD and biochemical analyses (especially of urea, potassium and sulphur) particularly in the cortical zone of the bone could be an alternative method for dating osseous remains.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0379-0738</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-6283</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.12.014</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17306944</identifier><identifier>CODEN: FSINDR</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ireland Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amino acids ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomarkers - analysis ; Bone and Bones - chemistry ; Bone and Bones - pathology ; Bone remains ; Cadaver ; Child ; Discriminant Analysis ; Efficiency ; Female ; Forensic medicine ; Forensic Pathology - methods ; Forensic scence ; Forensic sciences ; General aspects ; Human ; Humans ; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Molecular weight ; Nitrogen ; Nitrogen - analysis ; Pathology ; Phosphorus - analysis ; Postmortem Changes ; Postmortem interval ; Potassium - analysis ; Proteins ; Proteins - analysis ; Public health. 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The establishment of the postmortem interval (PMI) is a very complex problem because of the great number of intrinsic factors that may alter the normal course of postmortem change, such as the age, sex, constitution and previous physiological and pathological states of the subject, and external factors. In order to evaluate the utility of X-ray diffraction and the measurement of some components in dating bone remains, a total of 69 long bones from 69 different cadavers (41 males, 28 females) with a mean age of 68 years (S.D. = 17.6, range 12–97) were used. The bones were removed from cement tombs of Murcia Cemetery, where they had lain for documented times of between 7 and 54 years (S.D. = 11.6, mean time 17.6 years). We have studied potassium, sulphur, nitrogen, urea, total protein, phosphorus, and some X-ray diffraction (XRD) parameters related to the degree of crystallinity of the mineral component in medullar and cortical bone zones to establish which of the two provides the most useful information for calculating the PMI. In the overall analysis of our data, we believe that the use of both XRD and biochemical analyses (especially of urea, potassium and sulphur) particularly in the cortical zone of the bone could be an alternative method for dating osseous remains.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers - analysis</subject><subject>Bone and Bones - chemistry</subject><subject>Bone and Bones - pathology</subject><subject>Bone remains</subject><subject>Cadaver</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Discriminant Analysis</subject><subject>Efficiency</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Forensic medicine</subject><subject>Forensic Pathology - methods</subject><subject>Forensic scence</subject><subject>Forensic sciences</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Molecular weight</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrogen - analysis</subject><subject>Pathology</subject><subject>Phosphorus - analysis</subject><subject>Postmortem Changes</subject><subject>Postmortem interval</subject><subject>Potassium - analysis</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Proteins - analysis</subject><subject>Public health. 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Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Sulfur - analysis</subject><subject>Thermogravimetric analysis</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Urea - analysis</subject><subject>X-ray diffraction</subject><subject>X-Ray Diffraction - methods</subject><issn>0379-0738</issn><issn>1872-6283</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkk2LFDEQhoMo7rj6FzQg663bfCd9EYbFL1jwoIInQzpdzWTs7rRJz8L8e9PO4MCePAWKpypvvW8h9IqSmhKq3u7rPqbsQ5iWmhGiaspqQsUjtKFGs0oxwx-jDeG6qYjm5go9y3lPCJGSqafoimpOVCPEBv3czvMQvFtCnHDscRui38FYKgN2U4d_VMkdcRf6Pjn_F3KTG44ZMl4ihry4dgh5h5cd4DnmZYxpgREXXZDu3fAcPendkOHF-b1G3z-8_3b7qbr78vHz7fau8sKwpWoVlaQ3RbpsRMuMUp45YiiVAEx0PShTFDet09K1vhHSuaYRGghnbacN59fozWnunOLvQ5Flx5A9DIObIB6yVYZJZogo4OsH4D4eUlkpW0q4EFJxLgulT5RPMecEvZ1TGF06FsiuAdi9_ReAXQOwlNkSQOl8eZ5_aEfoLn1nxwtwcwZcLiYXWycf8oVrKDdSs8JtTxwU2-4DJFt-g8lDFxL4xXYx_IeYdw9m-CFMa7a_4Aj5srnNpcF-Xe9lPReiyXorDf8Drgq85g</recordid><startdate>20071025</startdate><enddate>20071025</enddate><creator>Prieto-Castelló, M.J</creator><creator>Hernández del Rincón, J.P</creator><creator>Pérez-Sirvent, C</creator><creator>Álvarez-Jiménez, P</creator><creator>Pérez-Cárceles, M.D</creator><creator>Osuna, E</creator><creator>Luna, A</creator><general>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20071025</creationdate><title>Application of biochemical and X-ray diffraction analyses to establish the postmortem interval</title><author>Prieto-Castelló, M.J ; Hernández del Rincón, J.P ; Pérez-Sirvent, C ; Álvarez-Jiménez, P ; Pérez-Cárceles, M.D ; Osuna, E ; Luna, A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c482t-b6150f8872594b2866c2a08115ee24dfe687309ba75abc945aa9947e032bd7833</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomarkers - analysis</topic><topic>Bone and Bones - chemistry</topic><topic>Bone and Bones - pathology</topic><topic>Bone remains</topic><topic>Cadaver</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Discriminant Analysis</topic><topic>Efficiency</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Forensic medicine</topic><topic>Forensic Pathology - methods</topic><topic>Forensic scence</topic><topic>Forensic sciences</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Molecular weight</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Nitrogen - analysis</topic><topic>Pathology</topic><topic>Phosphorus - analysis</topic><topic>Postmortem Changes</topic><topic>Postmortem interval</topic><topic>Potassium - analysis</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Proteins - analysis</topic><topic>Public health. 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The establishment of the postmortem interval (PMI) is a very complex problem because of the great number of intrinsic factors that may alter the normal course of postmortem change, such as the age, sex, constitution and previous physiological and pathological states of the subject, and external factors. In order to evaluate the utility of X-ray diffraction and the measurement of some components in dating bone remains, a total of 69 long bones from 69 different cadavers (41 males, 28 females) with a mean age of 68 years (S.D. = 17.6, range 12–97) were used. The bones were removed from cement tombs of Murcia Cemetery, where they had lain for documented times of between 7 and 54 years (S.D. = 11.6, mean time 17.6 years). We have studied potassium, sulphur, nitrogen, urea, total protein, phosphorus, and some X-ray diffraction (XRD) parameters related to the degree of crystallinity of the mineral component in medullar and cortical bone zones to establish which of the two provides the most useful information for calculating the PMI. In the overall analysis of our data, we believe that the use of both XRD and biochemical analyses (especially of urea, potassium and sulphur) particularly in the cortical zone of the bone could be an alternative method for dating osseous remains.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</pub><pmid>17306944</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.12.014</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Amino acids Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers - analysis Bone and Bones - chemistry Bone and Bones - pathology Bone remains Cadaver Child Discriminant Analysis Efficiency Female Forensic medicine Forensic Pathology - methods Forensic scence Forensic sciences General aspects Human Humans Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Molecular weight Nitrogen Nitrogen - analysis Pathology Phosphorus - analysis Postmortem Changes Postmortem interval Potassium - analysis Proteins Proteins - analysis Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Studies Sulfur - analysis Thermogravimetric analysis Time Factors Urea - analysis X-ray diffraction X-Ray Diffraction - methods |
title | Application of biochemical and X-ray diffraction analyses to establish the postmortem interval |
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