Biological significance of dietary polyamines

Abstract Polyamines are classically known by their names of putrescine, spermine, and spermidine. They are synthesized endogenously from ornithine and are interconvertible. In addition, an exogenous supply of polyamines is provided by dietary intake and by intestinal absorption from the products of...

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Published in:Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2007, Vol.23 (1), p.87-95
Main Authors: Larqué, Elvira, Ph.D, Sabater-Molina, María, Ph.D, Zamora, Salvador, M.D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bacteria, Anaerobic - metabolism
Biogenic Polyamines - administration & dosage
Biogenic Polyamines - metabolism
Biogenic Polyamines - physiology
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Transport
Breast milk
Cell Division
Children
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Derivatives
Diet
DNA
DNA - metabolism
Enzymes
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Fermentation
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Gut
Humans
Immune response
Infant formulas
Intestinal Absorption
Metabolism
Milk
Milk, Human - chemistry
Ornithine Decarboxylase - metabolism
Polyamines
Protein synthesis
Putrescine
Rodents
Small intestine
Spermidine
Spermine
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:Abstract Polyamines are classically known by their names of putrescine, spermine, and spermidine. They are synthesized endogenously from ornithine and are interconvertible. In addition, an exogenous supply of polyamines is provided by dietary intake and by intestinal absorption from the products of bacterial metabolism. Polyamine uptake occurs almost entirely in the gut, and afterward the various forms are metabolized in different tissues under the strict regulation of ornithine decarboxylase, which is the first enzyme involved in their synthesis. Polyamines are eliminated from the organism by means of oxidation reactions, appearing in urine in all their metabolic forms. Polyamines play an important role in regulating cell growth and proliferation, the stabilization of negative charges of DNA, RNA transcription, protein synthesis, apoptosis, and the regulation of the immune response. They are components of breast milk and might be important in neonatal gut maturation, for which reason the possible supplementation of infant formulas with these compounds is under study.
ISSN:0899-9007
1873-1244
DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2006.09.006