Determination of Nucleotides and Nucleosides in Milks and Pediatric Formulas: A Review

Nucleotides and nucleosides play important roles as structural units in nucleic acids, as coenzymes in biochemical pathways, and as sources of chemical energy. Milk contains a complex mixture of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleobases, and because of the reported differences in their relative leve...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of AOAC International 2007-09, Vol.90 (5), p.1354-1364
Main Authors: Gill, B.D, Indyk, H.E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
analytical methods
Animals
biochemical pathways
Biological and medical sciences
breast milk
Cattle
Chemistry Techniques, Analytical - methods
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Chromatography, Ion Exchange - methods
Chromatography, Liquid - methods
coenzymes
dietary supplements
Food
Food Analysis - methods
food composition
Food industries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Identification and classification
Infant Formula
Infant formulas
Ions
liquid chromatography
literature reviews
Measurement
methodology
Methods
Milk
Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams
Models, Chemical
nucleobases
Nucleosides
Nucleosides - analysis
Nucleotides
Nucleotides - analysis
Radioimmunoassay - methods
Reference Values
Reproducibility of Results
Testing
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Description
Summary:Nucleotides and nucleosides play important roles as structural units in nucleic acids, as coenzymes in biochemical pathways, and as sources of chemical energy. Milk contains a complex mixture of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleobases, and because of the reported differences in their relative levels in bovine and human milks, pediatric formulas are increasingly supplemented with nucleotides. Liquid chromatography is the dominant analytical technique used for the quantitation of nucleospecies and is commonly applied using either ion-exchange, reversed-phase, or ion-pair reversed-phase modes. Robust methods that incorporate minimal sample preparation and rapid chromatographic separations have been developed for routine product compliance analysis. This review summarizes the analytical techniques used to date in the analysis of nucleospecies in bovine and human milks and infant formulas.
ISSN:1060-3271
1944-7922
DOI:10.1093/jaoac/90.5.1354