PPARgamma regulates adipocyte cholesterol metabolism via oxidized LDL receptor 1

In addition to its role in energy storage, adipose tissue also accumulates cholesterol. Concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides are strongly correlated in the adipocyte, but little is known about mechanisms regulating cholesterol metabolism in fat cells. Here we report that antidiabetic thia...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of clinical investigation 2005-08, Vol.115 (8), p.2244-2256
Main Authors: Chui, Patricia C, Guan, Hong-Ping, Lehrke, Michael, Lazar, Mitchell A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes - metabolism
Animals
Cells, Cultured
Cholesterol - metabolism
Fatty Acids - metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects
Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology
Insulin Resistance
Lipoproteins, LDL - metabolism
Mice
PPAR gamma - metabolism
Receptors, LDL - biosynthesis
Receptors, Oxidized LDL
Scavenger Receptors, Class E
Thiazolidinediones - pharmacology
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Summary:In addition to its role in energy storage, adipose tissue also accumulates cholesterol. Concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides are strongly correlated in the adipocyte, but little is known about mechanisms regulating cholesterol metabolism in fat cells. Here we report that antidiabetic thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and other ligands for the nuclear receptor PPARgamma dramatically upregulate oxidized LDL receptor 1 (OLR1) in adipocytes by facilitating the exchange of coactivators for corepressors on the OLR1 gene in cultured mouse adipocytes. TZDs markedly stimulate the uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) into adipocytes, and this requires OLR1. Increased OLR1 expression, resulting either from TZD treatment or adenoviral gene delivery, significantly augments adipocyte cholesterol content and enhances fatty acid uptake. OLR1 expression in white adipose tissue is increased in obesity and is further induced by PPARgamma ligand treatment in vivo. Serum oxLDL levels are decreased in both lean and obese diabetic animals treated with TZDs. These data identify OLR1 as a novel PPARgamma target gene in adipocytes. While the physiological role of adipose tissue in cholesterol and oxLDL metabolism remains to be established, the induction of OLR1 is a potential means by which PPARgamma ligands regulate lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in adipocytes.
ISSN:0021-9738