Virulence of Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis in reconstituted human tissue models

Candida parapsilosis is an increasingly important human pathogen. To study the interactions of C. parapsilosis with human tissues, we evaluated the effects of the CBS 604 type strain and three different clinical isolates on reconstituted human oral epithelial and epidermal tissues. The newly describ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fungal genetics and biology 2007-12, Vol.44 (12), p.1336-1341
Main Authors: Gácser, Attila, Schäfer, Wilhelm, Nosanchuk, Jerome S., Salomon, Siegfried, Nosanchuk, Joshua D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Candida
Candida - drug effects
Candida - isolation & purification
Candida - pathogenicity
Candida metapsilosis
Candida orthopsilosis
Candida parapsilosis
Candidiasis - microbiology
Epidermis - microbiology
Epithelium - microbiology
Humans
Lactate Dehydrogenases - metabolism
Lactones - pharmacology
Pathogenesis
Pepstatins - pharmacology
Reconstituted human tissue
Species Specificity
Tissue Engineering - methods
Virulence
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Summary:Candida parapsilosis is an increasingly important human pathogen. To study the interactions of C. parapsilosis with human tissues, we evaluated the effects of the CBS 604 type strain and three different clinical isolates on reconstituted human oral epithelial and epidermal tissues. The newly described species Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis were also examined in these models. Microscopy of reconstituted tissues infected with yeast cells revealed severe attenuation, morphological changes and cellular damage. C. orthopsilosis caused damage similar to C. parapsilosis isolates, whereas C. metapsilosis was less virulent. To further quantitate tissue damage, we measured lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the culture supernatant. The relative LDH measurements correlated with our histopathological observations. We also examined the effect of the lipase inhibitor Ebelactone B and proteinase inhibitor Pepstatin A, to establish the utility of this model for studying factors of C. parapsilosis virulence. Both Ebelactone B and Pepstatin A reduced the destruction of epidermal and epithelial tissues. Our data show that reconstituted human tissues are extremely useful for modeling host interactions with C. parapsilosis and for studying fungal virulence factors.
ISSN:1087-1845
1096-0937
DOI:10.1016/j.fgb.2007.02.002