Variability of appetite control mechanisms in response to 9 weeks of progressive overfeeding in humans

Background: The current epidemic of obesity demonstrates that mechanisms for maintaining human energy balance are readily subverted by adverse environmental conditions. The critical elements of this dysregulation are poorly understood. Most previous research into what regulates the intake side of th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International Journal of Obesity 2006-07, Vol.30 (7), p.1160-1162
Main Authors: Jebb, S.A, Siervo, M, Fruhbeck,G, Goldberg, G.R, Murgatroyd, R, Prentice, A.M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose Tissue - physiology
Adult
adults
Appetite
appetite control
Appetite Regulation - physiology
Biological and medical sciences
blood chemistry
Body composition
Body Composition - physiology
Body fat
Diet
Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage
Dietary Fats - administration & dosage
Eating - physiology
Energy
Energy balance
Energy Intake - physiology
Environmental conditions
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Exercise
Fasting - blood
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Food
food intake
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Humans
Internal Medicine
leptin
Leptin - blood
Male
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
men
Metabolic Diseases
Middle Aged
Miscellaneous
Nutrition research
Obesity
overeating
Physiology
Public Health
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Satiation - physiology
satiety
short-communication
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:Background: The current epidemic of obesity demonstrates that mechanisms for maintaining human energy balance are readily subverted by adverse environmental conditions. The critical elements of this dysregulation are poorly understood. Most previous research into what regulates the intake side of the energy balance equation has been handicapped by the use of short-term within-day experimental tests. Objective: We enrolled six non-obese men to a 17-week protocol involving three 21 days periods of progressive overfeeding (+ 20, + 40 and + 60%) separated by free diet periods to test for compensatory satiety. Results: Responses to overfeeding differed markedly with evidence of 'compensators' and 'non-compensators', but on average, subsequent food intake was stimulated rather than suppressed after overfeeding in spite of markedly elevated body fat (+13%) and fasting leptin (+116%). Discussion: The inefficient response of in-built appetite control mechanisms emphasizes the need to adopt intentional cognitive restraint in the modern environment when food is plentiful.
ISSN:0307-0565
1476-5497
DOI:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803194