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Population histories of right whales (Cetacea: Eubalaena) inferred from mitochondrial sequence diversities and divergences of their whale lice (Amphipoda: Cyamus)
Right whales carry large populations of three ‘whale lice’ (Cyamus ovalis, Cyamus gracilis, Cyamus erraticus) that have no other hosts. We used sequence variation in the mitochondrial COI gene to ask (i) whether cyamid population structures might reveal associations among right whale individuals and...
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Published in: | Molecular ecology 2005-10, Vol.14 (11), p.3439-3456 |
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creator | KALISZEWSKA, ZOFIA A. SEGER, JON ROWNTREE, VICTORIA J. BARCO, SUSAN G. BENEGAS, RAFAEL BEST, PETER B. BROWN, MOIRA W. BROWNELL JR, ROBERT L. CARRIBERO, ALEJANDRO HARCOURT, ROBERT KNOWLTON, AMY R. MARSHALL-TILAS, KIM PATENAUDE, NATHALIE J. RIVAROLA, MARIANA SCHAEFF, CATHERINE M. SIRONI, MARIANO SMITH, WENDY A. YAMADA, TADASU K. |
description | Right whales carry large populations of three ‘whale lice’ (Cyamus ovalis, Cyamus gracilis, Cyamus erraticus) that have no other hosts. We used sequence variation in the mitochondrial COI gene to ask (i) whether cyamid population structures might reveal associations among right whale individuals and subpopulations, (ii) whether the divergences of the three nominally conspecific cyamid species on North Atlantic, North Pacific, and southern right whales (Eubalaena glacialis, Eubalaena japonica, Eubalaena australis) might indicate their times of separation, and (iii) whether the shapes of cyamid gene trees might contain information about changes in the population sizes of right whales. We found high levels of nucleotide diversity but almost no population structure within oceans, indicating large effective population sizes and high rates of transfer between whales and subpopulations. North Atlantic and Southern Ocean populations of all three species are reciprocally monophyletic, and North Pacific C. erraticus is well separated from North Atlantic and southern C. erraticus. Mitochondrial clock calibrations suggest that these divergences occurred around 6 million years ago (Ma), and that the Eubalaena mitochondrial clock is very slow. North Pacific C. ovalis forms a clade inside the southern C. ovalis gene tree, implying that at least one right whale has crossed the equator in the Pacific Ocean within the last 1–2 million years (Myr). Low‐frequency polymorphisms are more common than expected under neutrality for populations of constant size, but there is no obvious signal of rapid, interspecifically congruent expansion of the kind that would be expected if North Atlantic or southern right whales had experienced a prolonged population bottleneck within the last 0.5 Myr. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02664.x |
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We used sequence variation in the mitochondrial COI gene to ask (i) whether cyamid population structures might reveal associations among right whale individuals and subpopulations, (ii) whether the divergences of the three nominally conspecific cyamid species on North Atlantic, North Pacific, and southern right whales (Eubalaena glacialis, Eubalaena japonica, Eubalaena australis) might indicate their times of separation, and (iii) whether the shapes of cyamid gene trees might contain information about changes in the population sizes of right whales. We found high levels of nucleotide diversity but almost no population structure within oceans, indicating large effective population sizes and high rates of transfer between whales and subpopulations. North Atlantic and Southern Ocean populations of all three species are reciprocally monophyletic, and North Pacific C. erraticus is well separated from North Atlantic and southern C. erraticus. Mitochondrial clock calibrations suggest that these divergences occurred around 6 million years ago (Ma), and that the Eubalaena mitochondrial clock is very slow. North Pacific C. ovalis forms a clade inside the southern C. ovalis gene tree, implying that at least one right whale has crossed the equator in the Pacific Ocean within the last 1–2 million years (Myr). Low‐frequency polymorphisms are more common than expected under neutrality for populations of constant size, but there is no obvious signal of rapid, interspecifically congruent expansion of the kind that would be expected if North Atlantic or southern right whales had experienced a prolonged population bottleneck within the last 0.5 Myr.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0962-1083</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-294X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02664.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16156814</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd</publisher><subject>Amphipoda ; Amphipoda - genetics ; Animal populations ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cetacea ; Cyamus ; Cyamus erraticus ; Cyamus gracilis ; Cyamus ovalis ; cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) ; DNA Primers ; DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics ; Eubalaena ; Eubalaena australis ; Eubalaena glacialis ; Eubalaena japonica ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics, Population ; Geography ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Lice ; Likelihood Functions ; migration ; Mitochondrial DNA ; mitochondrial introgression ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymorphism ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Population genetics ; population structure ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; speciation ; Species Specificity ; Whales & whaling ; Whales - parasitology</subject><ispartof>Molecular ecology, 2005-10, Vol.14 (11), p.3439-3456</ispartof><rights>2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5684-6cfdd6ba5156f6ab0bc33b8ab738c730c982df5a496c63ef9a1f7be6cf1b8c413</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5684-6cfdd6ba5156f6ab0bc33b8ab738c730c982df5a496c63ef9a1f7be6cf1b8c413</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16156814$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>KALISZEWSKA, ZOFIA A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SEGER, JON</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ROWNTREE, VICTORIA J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BARCO, SUSAN G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BENEGAS, RAFAEL</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BEST, PETER B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BROWN, MOIRA W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BROWNELL JR, ROBERT L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CARRIBERO, ALEJANDRO</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HARCOURT, ROBERT</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KNOWLTON, AMY R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MARSHALL-TILAS, KIM</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PATENAUDE, NATHALIE J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>RIVAROLA, MARIANA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SCHAEFF, CATHERINE M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SIRONI, MARIANO</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SMITH, WENDY A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>YAMADA, TADASU K.</creatorcontrib><title>Population histories of right whales (Cetacea: Eubalaena) inferred from mitochondrial sequence diversities and divergences of their whale lice (Amphipoda: Cyamus)</title><title>Molecular ecology</title><addtitle>Mol Ecol</addtitle><description>Right whales carry large populations of three ‘whale lice’ (Cyamus ovalis, Cyamus gracilis, Cyamus erraticus) that have no other hosts. We used sequence variation in the mitochondrial COI gene to ask (i) whether cyamid population structures might reveal associations among right whale individuals and subpopulations, (ii) whether the divergences of the three nominally conspecific cyamid species on North Atlantic, North Pacific, and southern right whales (Eubalaena glacialis, Eubalaena japonica, Eubalaena australis) might indicate their times of separation, and (iii) whether the shapes of cyamid gene trees might contain information about changes in the population sizes of right whales. We found high levels of nucleotide diversity but almost no population structure within oceans, indicating large effective population sizes and high rates of transfer between whales and subpopulations. North Atlantic and Southern Ocean populations of all three species are reciprocally monophyletic, and North Pacific C. erraticus is well separated from North Atlantic and southern C. erraticus. Mitochondrial clock calibrations suggest that these divergences occurred around 6 million years ago (Ma), and that the Eubalaena mitochondrial clock is very slow. North Pacific C. ovalis forms a clade inside the southern C. ovalis gene tree, implying that at least one right whale has crossed the equator in the Pacific Ocean within the last 1–2 million years (Myr). Low‐frequency polymorphisms are more common than expected under neutrality for populations of constant size, but there is no obvious signal of rapid, interspecifically congruent expansion of the kind that would be expected if North Atlantic or southern right whales had experienced a prolonged population bottleneck within the last 0.5 Myr.</description><subject>Amphipoda</subject><subject>Amphipoda - genetics</subject><subject>Animal populations</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Cetacea</subject><subject>Cyamus</subject><subject>Cyamus erraticus</subject><subject>Cyamus gracilis</subject><subject>Cyamus ovalis</subject><subject>cytochrome c oxidase I (COI)</subject><subject>DNA Primers</subject><subject>DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics</subject><subject>Eubalaena</subject><subject>Eubalaena australis</subject><subject>Eubalaena glacialis</subject><subject>Eubalaena japonica</subject><subject>Evolution, Molecular</subject><subject>Genetic Variation</subject><subject>Genetics, Population</subject><subject>Geography</subject><subject>Host-Parasite Interactions</subject><subject>Lice</subject><subject>Likelihood Functions</subject><subject>migration</subject><subject>Mitochondrial DNA</subject><subject>mitochondrial introgression</subject><subject>Models, Genetic</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Polymorphism</subject><subject>Population Density</subject><subject>Population Dynamics</subject><subject>Population genetics</subject><subject>population structure</subject><subject>Sequence Analysis, DNA</subject><subject>speciation</subject><subject>Species Specificity</subject><subject>Whales & whaling</subject><subject>Whales - parasitology</subject><issn>0962-1083</issn><issn>1365-294X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNksFu1DAURS0EokPhF5DFArWLBDuOHQepiyoMBVQKCyizsxzHaTwkcbATOvM7fClOMyoSG_DGfvK59_npGgCIUYzDerWNMWE0SvJ0EycI0RgljKXx7gFY3V88BCuUsyTCiJMj8MT7LUKYJJQ-BkeYYco4Tlfg12c7TK0cje1hY_xondEe2ho6c9OM8LaRbahPCj1KpeVruJ5K2Urdy1No-lo7pytYO9vBzoxWNbavnJEt9PrHpHulYWV-aufNOLvKvlrqm_nqrsvYaOOWLrA1gT8574bGDLYKvYq97CZ_-hQ8qmXr9bPDfgy-vl1_Kd5Fl58u3hfnl5EKs6QRU3VVsVLSMFrNZIlKRUjJZZkRrjKCVM6TqqYyzZliRNe5xHVW6iDDJVcpJsfg5eI7OBte70fRGa9028pe28kLximnacL_CeKMZDTNWABf_AVu7eT6MIRIMGI5xikJEF8g5az3TtdicKaTbi8wEnPaYivmUMUcqpjTFndpi12QPj_4T2Wnqz_CQ7wBOFuAW9Pq_X8bi4_rYj4FfbTow8_Qu3u9dN8Fm4cU364uxJsPVxuGr6_FhvwG-AbLRw</recordid><startdate>200510</startdate><enddate>200510</enddate><creator>KALISZEWSKA, ZOFIA A.</creator><creator>SEGER, JON</creator><creator>ROWNTREE, VICTORIA J.</creator><creator>BARCO, SUSAN G.</creator><creator>BENEGAS, RAFAEL</creator><creator>BEST, PETER B.</creator><creator>BROWN, MOIRA W.</creator><creator>BROWNELL JR, ROBERT L.</creator><creator>CARRIBERO, ALEJANDRO</creator><creator>HARCOURT, ROBERT</creator><creator>KNOWLTON, AMY R.</creator><creator>MARSHALL-TILAS, KIM</creator><creator>PATENAUDE, NATHALIE J.</creator><creator>RIVAROLA, MARIANA</creator><creator>SCHAEFF, CATHERINE M.</creator><creator>SIRONI, MARIANO</creator><creator>SMITH, WENDY A.</creator><creator>YAMADA, TADASU K.</creator><general>Blackwell Science Ltd</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200510</creationdate><title>Population histories of right whales (Cetacea: Eubalaena) inferred from mitochondrial sequence diversities and divergences of their whale lice (Amphipoda: Cyamus)</title><author>KALISZEWSKA, ZOFIA A. ; SEGER, JON ; ROWNTREE, VICTORIA J. ; BARCO, SUSAN G. ; BENEGAS, RAFAEL ; BEST, PETER B. ; BROWN, MOIRA W. ; BROWNELL JR, ROBERT L. ; CARRIBERO, ALEJANDRO ; HARCOURT, ROBERT ; KNOWLTON, AMY R. ; MARSHALL-TILAS, KIM ; PATENAUDE, NATHALIE J. ; RIVAROLA, MARIANA ; SCHAEFF, CATHERINE M. ; SIRONI, MARIANO ; SMITH, WENDY A. ; YAMADA, TADASU K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5684-6cfdd6ba5156f6ab0bc33b8ab738c730c982df5a496c63ef9a1f7be6cf1b8c413</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Amphipoda</topic><topic>Amphipoda - genetics</topic><topic>Animal populations</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Base Sequence</topic><topic>Cetacea</topic><topic>Cyamus</topic><topic>Cyamus erraticus</topic><topic>Cyamus gracilis</topic><topic>Cyamus ovalis</topic><topic>cytochrome c oxidase I (COI)</topic><topic>DNA Primers</topic><topic>DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics</topic><topic>Eubalaena</topic><topic>Eubalaena australis</topic><topic>Eubalaena glacialis</topic><topic>Eubalaena japonica</topic><topic>Evolution, Molecular</topic><topic>Genetic Variation</topic><topic>Genetics, Population</topic><topic>Geography</topic><topic>Host-Parasite Interactions</topic><topic>Lice</topic><topic>Likelihood Functions</topic><topic>migration</topic><topic>Mitochondrial DNA</topic><topic>mitochondrial introgression</topic><topic>Models, Genetic</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>Polymorphism</topic><topic>Population Density</topic><topic>Population Dynamics</topic><topic>Population genetics</topic><topic>population structure</topic><topic>Sequence Analysis, DNA</topic><topic>speciation</topic><topic>Species Specificity</topic><topic>Whales & whaling</topic><topic>Whales - parasitology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>KALISZEWSKA, ZOFIA A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SEGER, JON</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ROWNTREE, VICTORIA J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BARCO, SUSAN G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BENEGAS, RAFAEL</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BEST, PETER B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BROWN, MOIRA W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BROWNELL JR, ROBERT L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CARRIBERO, ALEJANDRO</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HARCOURT, ROBERT</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KNOWLTON, AMY R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MARSHALL-TILAS, KIM</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PATENAUDE, NATHALIE J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>RIVAROLA, MARIANA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SCHAEFF, CATHERINE M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SIRONI, MARIANO</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SMITH, WENDY A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>YAMADA, TADASU K.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Molecular ecology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>KALISZEWSKA, ZOFIA A.</au><au>SEGER, JON</au><au>ROWNTREE, VICTORIA J.</au><au>BARCO, SUSAN G.</au><au>BENEGAS, RAFAEL</au><au>BEST, PETER B.</au><au>BROWN, MOIRA W.</au><au>BROWNELL JR, ROBERT L.</au><au>CARRIBERO, ALEJANDRO</au><au>HARCOURT, ROBERT</au><au>KNOWLTON, AMY R.</au><au>MARSHALL-TILAS, KIM</au><au>PATENAUDE, NATHALIE J.</au><au>RIVAROLA, MARIANA</au><au>SCHAEFF, CATHERINE M.</au><au>SIRONI, MARIANO</au><au>SMITH, WENDY A.</au><au>YAMADA, TADASU K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Population histories of right whales (Cetacea: Eubalaena) inferred from mitochondrial sequence diversities and divergences of their whale lice (Amphipoda: Cyamus)</atitle><jtitle>Molecular ecology</jtitle><addtitle>Mol Ecol</addtitle><date>2005-10</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>3439</spage><epage>3456</epage><pages>3439-3456</pages><issn>0962-1083</issn><eissn>1365-294X</eissn><abstract>Right whales carry large populations of three ‘whale lice’ (Cyamus ovalis, Cyamus gracilis, Cyamus erraticus) that have no other hosts. We used sequence variation in the mitochondrial COI gene to ask (i) whether cyamid population structures might reveal associations among right whale individuals and subpopulations, (ii) whether the divergences of the three nominally conspecific cyamid species on North Atlantic, North Pacific, and southern right whales (Eubalaena glacialis, Eubalaena japonica, Eubalaena australis) might indicate their times of separation, and (iii) whether the shapes of cyamid gene trees might contain information about changes in the population sizes of right whales. We found high levels of nucleotide diversity but almost no population structure within oceans, indicating large effective population sizes and high rates of transfer between whales and subpopulations. North Atlantic and Southern Ocean populations of all three species are reciprocally monophyletic, and North Pacific C. erraticus is well separated from North Atlantic and southern C. erraticus. Mitochondrial clock calibrations suggest that these divergences occurred around 6 million years ago (Ma), and that the Eubalaena mitochondrial clock is very slow. North Pacific C. ovalis forms a clade inside the southern C. ovalis gene tree, implying that at least one right whale has crossed the equator in the Pacific Ocean within the last 1–2 million years (Myr). Low‐frequency polymorphisms are more common than expected under neutrality for populations of constant size, but there is no obvious signal of rapid, interspecifically congruent expansion of the kind that would be expected if North Atlantic or southern right whales had experienced a prolonged population bottleneck within the last 0.5 Myr.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Science Ltd</pub><pmid>16156814</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02664.x</doi><tpages>18</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Amphipoda Amphipoda - genetics Animal populations Animals Base Sequence Cetacea Cyamus Cyamus erraticus Cyamus gracilis Cyamus ovalis cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) DNA Primers DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics Eubalaena Eubalaena australis Eubalaena glacialis Eubalaena japonica Evolution, Molecular Genetic Variation Genetics, Population Geography Host-Parasite Interactions Lice Likelihood Functions migration Mitochondrial DNA mitochondrial introgression Models, Genetic Molecular Sequence Data Polymorphism Population Density Population Dynamics Population genetics population structure Sequence Analysis, DNA speciation Species Specificity Whales & whaling Whales - parasitology |
title | Population histories of right whales (Cetacea: Eubalaena) inferred from mitochondrial sequence diversities and divergences of their whale lice (Amphipoda: Cyamus) |
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