Retrograded tapioca starch prevents ovarian hormone deficiency-induced hypercholesterolemia

• Published in: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 2006, Vol.52(2), pp.134-141
• Main Authors: Liu, X.(Ehime Univ., Matsuyama (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture), Sawauchi, H, Ogawa, H, Kishida, T, Ebihara, K
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ACIDE BILIAIRE; ACIDOS BILIARES; ALMIDON; AMIDON; Animals; BILE ACIDS; Bile Acids and Salts - metabolism; Biological and medical sciences; Body Weight - drug effects; CHOLESTEROL; Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase - metabolism; COLESTEROL; DIET; DIETA; Eating - drug effects; Feces; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gonadal Steroid Hormones - deficiency; Hypercholesterolemia - metabolism; Hypercholesterolemia - prevention & control; Intestine, Small - drug effects; Intestine, Small - metabolism; Lipid Metabolism - drug effects; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Manihot; Organ Size - drug effects; OVARIECTOMIA; OVARIECTOMIE; ovariectomized rats; OVARIECTOMY; Ovary - metabolism; Ovary - physiopathology; plasma cholesterol; RAT; RATA; RATS; Rats, Wistar; REGIME ALIMENTAIRE; retrograded tapioca starch (RS3-tapioca); STARCH; Starch - pharmacology; TAPIOCA; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
• ISSN: 0301-4800; 1881-7742
• DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.52.134

The purpose of this study was to examine whether retrograded tapioca starch (RS3-tapioca) prevents ovarian hormone deficiency-induced hypercholesterolemia. Six-month-old Wistar female rats were subjected to sham-operation or ovariectomy, and fed a cholesterol-free purified diet with or without RS3-tapioca (150 g/kg diet) instead of digestible cornstarch for 28 d. Body weight gain and food intake increased in ovariectomized rats (OVX-rats). Plasma total cholesterol concentration was lowered by RS3-tapioca in OVX rats, but not in sham-operated rats. Liver lipids increased in OVX-rats, but liver cholesterol concentration was not affected by ovariectomy and RS3-tapioca. CYP7A1 activity, small intestinal and cecal bile acid content, and fecal bile acid excretion were increased by RS3-tapioca. The ratio of cholic acid groups to chenodeoxycholic acid groups in the bile acid of the small intestine was increased by RS3-tapioca. Thus, the preventive effect of RS3-tapioca on the ovarian hormone deficiency-associated increase in plasma cholesterol concentration appears to be mediated by accelerated fecal excretion of bile acid and an increase in the intestinal pool of bile acid.