Topoisomerase II cleavage activity within the human D11Z1 and DXZ1 alpha-satellite arrays

Topoisomerase II (Topo II) is a major component of mitotic chromosomes and its unique decatenating activity has been implicated in many aspects of chromosome dynamics including DNA replication, transcription, recombination, chromosome condensation and segregation. Of these, chromosome segregation is...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chromosome research 2005-08, Vol.13 (6), p.637-648
Main Authors: Spence, Jennifer M, Fournier, R E Keith, Oshimura, Mitsuo, Regnier, Vinciane, Farr, Christine J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Base Sequence
Chromosomes
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA Primers
DNA Topoisomerases, Type II - metabolism
DNA, Satellite - genetics
Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field
Humans
Hybrid Cells
Hydrolysis
Metaphase
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Proteins
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Summary:Topoisomerase II (Topo II) is a major component of mitotic chromosomes and its unique decatenating activity has been implicated in many aspects of chromosome dynamics including DNA replication, transcription, recombination, chromosome condensation and segregation. Of these, chromosome segregation is the most seriously affected by loss of Topo II, most probably because of residual catenations between sister chromatids. At metaphase, vertebrate chromatids are attached principally through their centromeric regions. Intriguingly, evidence has recently been presented for Topo II cleavage activity within the centromeric alpha-satellite DNA arrays of the human X and Y chromosomes. In this report we extend these observations by mapping distinct sites of Topo II cleavage activity within the alpha-satellite array of human chromosome 11. A single major site of cleavage has been assigned within the centromeric DNA of each of three independently derived, and active, 11 centromeres. Unlike the X and Y centromeres, where cleavage sites mapped close to (within 150 kb of) the short arm edge of the arrays, on chromosome 11, the cleavage sites lie many hundreds of kilobases into each alpha-satellite array. We also demonstrate that catalytically active Topo II is concentrated within the centromere domain through an extended period of G2 and M, with levels declining in G1 and S.
ISSN:0967-3849
1573-6849
DOI:10.1007/s10577-005-1003-8